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1 Asramavasa 2883.9 1:09:55
1 Janamejaya asked how his grandsires, the Pandavas, treated king Dhritarashtra after gaining back their kingdom. Vaisampayana replied that the Pandavas, with their foes slain, ruled the Earth with Dhritarashtra as their head. They sought his opinion in all matters and often visited him, worshipping his feet. Dhritarashtra, though his sons were slain and his wealth gone, was treated with respect and affection. Gandhari, too, was revered by the Pandavas' wives, who treated her as a mother-in-law. The Pandavas provided Dhritarashtra with costly comforts and food, and Kunti treated Gandhari with great respect. Vidura, Sanjaya, and Yuyutsu attended to Dhritarashtra's needs, while Vyasa recited stories to him. Dhritarashtra, under Vidura's guidance, performed acts of merit and administered justice. The Pandavas obtained services from their feudatories through Vidura's policy. Dhritarashtra liberated prisoners and pardoned those condemned to death, which Yudhishthira accepted. The Pandavas ensured Dhritarashtra's comfort and happiness, with one exception - Bhimasena, who still remembered the past injustices.
2 Vaisampayana said, "The Pandavas worshipped Dhritarashtra, who was happy and content. Yudhishthira ensured Dhritarashtra's comfort and honored him. Dhritarashtra, in turn, was affectionate towards Yudhishthira and his brothers. He gave wealth to Brahmanas and performed Sraddhas for his sons. The Pandavas executed his orders and took care not to cause him grief. Gandhari, too, performed rites and made gifts to free herself from debt to her slain children. Yudhishthira and his brothers worshiped Dhritarashtra, who was gratified with their conduct. Gandhari showed affection to the Pandavas as if they were her own children. Yudhishthira never did anything disagreeable to Dhritarashtra and always behaved in a highly agreeable way. Dhritarashtra was grieved by the remembrance of his wicked son and blessed the Pandavas, wishing them victory in battle. He prayed for their long life and was pleased with Yudhishthira's capacity to bear wrongs. However, Bhima was not as willing to forgive, and his cheerlessness was evident at the sight of Dhritarashtra.
3 Vaisampayana said, "Dhritarashtra was unhappy, remembering his wicked son. Bhima couldn't forgive him, and his words pierced Dhritarashtra's heart. After 15 years, Dhritarashtra shared his feelings with friends, saying he was responsible for the Kuru destruction. He regretted not listening to wise counsel and not bestowing prosperity on the Pandavas. He repented and sought to expiate his sins. Gandhari and he lived austere lives, and he sought Yudhishthira's permission to retire to the woods. Yudhishthira was filled with grief, feeling guilty for not knowing his uncle's pain. He offered to step down and let Yuyutsu or someone else rule. Dhritarashtra was resolute, and Yudhishthira eventually agreed, saying he would follow him to the woods. Dhritarashtra leaned on Gandhari, and Yudhishthira was overcome with grief, rubbing his uncle's face and breast with cold water. Dhritarashtra regained his senses, and the two embraced, with Dhritarashtra seeking Yudhishthira's permission to practise penances.
4 Vyasa advised Yudhishthira to grant Dhritarashtra's wish to retire to the woods, saying the king was old and grief-stricken. Yudhishthira respected Vyasa's words and agreed, acknowledging him as his preceptor and father figure. Vyasa reiterated that Dhritarashtra had reached the last stage of life and should be allowed to follow the path of royal sages, dying either in battle or in the woods. He reminded Yudhishthira that Pandu had revered Dhritarashtra and that he himself had served him with obedience. Vyasa soothed Dhritarashtra and left for the woods. Yudhishthira then addressed his father, agreeing to fulfill his wishes and those of their well-wishers, including Vyasa, Kripa, Vidura, Yuyutsu, and Sanjaya. He requested Dhritarashtra to eat before departing for his forest retreat.
5 Dhritarashtra, with Gandhari, returned to his palace, followed by Vidura, Sanjaya, and Kripa. After performing morning rites and eating, the Pandavas approached him. Dhritarashtra advised Yudhishthira on righteous governance, emphasizing the importance of honoring learned individuals, employing loyal ministers, protecting the kingdom, and keeping counsel secret. He stressed the need for careful decision-making, proper administration of justice, and appropriate punishment for offenders. Dhritarashtra also advised Yudhishthira to be mindful of his own weaknesses and those of his enemies, to support skilled subjects, and to maintain a strong and loyal army. He emphasized the importance of protecting the kingdom's treasury and using lawful means to fill it. Finally, he advised Yudhishthira to be cautious and wise in his decisions, surrounding himself with trusted advisors and maintaining a strong and just rule.
6 Dhritarashtra advises Yudhishthira on the principles of statecraft, emphasizing the importance of understanding the Mandalas (alliances and relationships) between different kingdoms and factions. He explains that a king should be aware of the strengths and weaknesses of his own side and that of his enemies, and act accordingly. Dhritarashtra also advises Yudhishthira to collect resources, set his men to tasks for which they are fit, and seek to create dissensions among his enemies. He suggests that a king should maintain the weak and destitute, protect his own kingdom, and direct his efforts against his enemies. Dhritarashtra also advises Yudhishthira to avoid war with powerful kings who seek to conquer the whole earth, and instead seek to gain advantages by producing dissensions among their aristocracy and subordinate chieftains.
7 Dhritarashtra advises Yudhishthira on the principles of war and peace, emphasizing the importance of careful consideration and preparation. He explains that war and peace are each of two kinds, and that a king should reflect on his own strength and weakness, as well as that of his enemy. Dhritarashtra also advises Yudhishthira to gather intelligence, sow dissensions among his enemy's allies, and attack when the time is favorable. He stresses the importance of having a strong army, wealth, allies, and spies, and of using conciliation and other means to avoid war when possible. Dhritarashtra also advises Yudhishthira to protect his own body and seek the good of his subjects, both in this world and the next.
8 Yudhishthira agrees to follow Dhritarashtra's instructions and asks for further guidance. Dhritarashtra, with Gandhari's support, decides to retire to the forest and seeks Yudhishthira's permission. He desires to give away wealth in memory of his sons and invites people to his mansion. Many come, including Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Sudras. Dhritarashtra addresses them, expressing his gratitude for their goodwill and seeking their permission to retire. He reflects on his worn-out life, the loss of his children, and the happiness he has enjoyed under Yudhishthira's rule. The people, grief-stricken, utter lamentations. Dhritarashtra, with compassion, continues to address them, seeking their understanding.
9 Dhritarashtra addresses his subjects, reminding them of his and his predecessors' rule. He acknowledges his mistakes and those of his son Duryodhana, which led to the great carnage. He asks for forgiveness, citing his old age, grief, and loss of children. He introduces Yudhishthira as his successor and asks his subjects to look after him. Dhritarashtra praises Yudhishthira's brothers as capable and righteous, and entrusts Yudhishthira to his subjects' care. He requests forgiveness for any injuries caused by his sons or anyone else, and bows to his subjects, seeking their pardon. The citizens, filled with tears, remain silent in respect and sympathy for Dhritarashtra.
10 Dhritarashtra, with Gandhari and Kunti, prepares to leave for the forest. He performs a final rite and bids farewell to his family and subjects. The people of Hastinapura, including Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Sudras, come to see him off. Dhritarashtra addresses them, giving gifts and instructions for their welfare. He reflects on his life's deeds and expresses sorrow for the suffering he has caused. The citizens mourn and lament as Dhritarashtra and Gandhari leave the city. Yudhishthira and his brothers, deeply saddened, accompany them a little distance, offering their respects and seeking their blessings. Dhritarashtra and Gandhari proceed to the forest, embarking on their final journey of asceticism and penance.
11 Vidura informs Yudhishthira that Dhritarashtra plans to retire to the woods and wishes to perform Sraddha rituals for his deceased kin and well-wishers, including Duryodhana. Yudhishthira and Arjuna agree to grant Dhritarashtra's request, but Bhima is hesitant, recalling Duryodhana's past actions. Arjuna convinces Bhima to grant permission, citing the importance of generosity and the reversal of fortune brought about by Time. Bhima reluctantly agrees, but insists that they, not Dhritarashtra, should perform the Sraddha rituals for their kin. Yudhishthira rebukes Bhima, telling him to be silent.
12 Arjuna persuades Bhima to grant Dhritarashtra's request, citing the importance of honoring their elder and the good deeds done by their predecessors. Yudhishthira instructs Vidura to inform Dhritarashtra that he will provide as much wealth as needed for the Sraddha rituals and asks Bhima not to be displeased. Yudhishthira also tells Vidura to remind Dhritarashtra of Bhima's sufferings in the woods and to take whatever he needs from Yudhishthira's house. He emphasizes that Dhritarashtra should not be angry with Bhima and should use the wealth to clear his debt to his sons and well-wishers.
13 Vidura reports back to Dhritarashtra, conveying Yudhishthira's offer to provide wealth and resources for the Sraddha rituals. Vidura also informs Dhritarashtra that Bhima, still harboring resentment, has reluctantly agreed to cooperate. Yudhishthira and Arjuna request that Dhritarashtra pardon Bhima's behavior and grant him forgiveness. Vidura conveys that the Pandavas are willing to give away wealth, jewels, and other resources for the obsequial rites and suggests that Dhritarashtra should make gifts to Brahmanas, the poor, and those in distress. Vidura also recommends constructing pavilions and reservoirs for kine and accomplishing other meritorious works. Dhritarashtra is pleased with Vidura's words and decides to make large presents on the day of full moon in the month of Kartika.
14 King Dhritarashtra, pleased with Yudhishthira's offer, invites thousands of Brahmanas and Rishis to perform a Sraddha-sacrifice for Bhishma, his sons, and friends. He collects a vast amount of wealth, including food, drink, clothes, gold, jewels, and other treasures, and gives them away, naming each recipient and the deceased person in whose name the gift is made. Yudhishthira approves the gifts, and the scribes and tellers distribute the wealth according to the king's directions. The gifts are generous, with some recipients receiving ten times what they were expected to receive. The king then hosts a grand feast, deluging the guests with food and drink of various tastes. The Gift-sacrifice continues for ten days, with actors and mimes performing and contributing to the merriment. Finally, the king, tired but freed from his debts, brings the ceremony to an end.
15 Dhritarashtra, accompanied by Gandhari and his daughters-in-law, prepares to depart for the forest. The Pandavas and other family members are overcome with grief. Yudhishthira, Arjuna, Bhima, and others follow the old monarch, their voices choked with tears. Kunti walks ahead, supporting Gandhari, who has her eyes bandaged. The ladies of the household, including Krishna, Uttara, and Chitrangada, also follow, wailing in grief. The citizens of Hastinapore, including Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Sudras, come out into the streets, distressed at Dhritarashtra's departure. Ladies who had never seen the sun or moon before emerge, grief-stricken, as the king proceeds towards the forest.
16 Vaisampayana describes the emotional scene as Dhritarashtra departs for the forest, with Kunti and Gandhari following him. Yudhishthira tries to persuade Kunti to return to the city, but she is determined to retire to the woods, feeling guilty for not revealing the truth about Karna's birth. She instructs Yudhishthira to make gifts for Karna's sake and to look after his brothers and Draupadi. Yudhishthira is distressed and tries to persuade her to stay, recalling her previous words of wisdom and courage. Bhima also tries to dissuade her, but Kunti is firm in her decision. Draupadi and Subhadra follow her, weeping, as she walks towards the woods, occasionally looking back at her children.
17 Kunti explains to Yudhishthira that she had encouraged him and his brothers to take action and reclaim their kingdom, not for her own sake, but to prevent the downfall of the Pandu race and to avenge the wrongs inflicted on Draupadi. She recalls the humiliation Draupadi suffered at the hands of Dussasana and how she, Kunti, was helpless at the time. She had instilled courage in her sons to prevent them from living in misery and to ensure the continuation of the Pandu race. She now wishes to retire to the woods, serve her father-in-law and mother-in-law, and attain felicity through penances. She asks Yudhishthira to cease following her and to devote himself to righteousness.
18 Vaisampayana describes the emotional scene as Kunti decides to retire to the woods, despite the Pandavas' attempts to persuade her to return. Dhritarashtra, supported by Gandhari and Vidura, also tries to convince her to stay, but she is resolute. The Kuru ladies and the Pandavas are deeply grieved and afflicted with sorrow as they bid her farewell. Yudhishthira and his brothers return to the city, while Dhritarashtra and his party continue their journey to the woods. They reach the banks of the Bhagirathi, where they perform sacred rites and ignite their fires. Kunti, observant of her vows, lies down near Gandhari, while Vidura and others sleep nearby. The night is filled with the chanting of sacred hymns and the blazing of sacrificial fires. The next morning, they arise and continue their journey, finding their first day in the forest very painful due to their grief and the sorrow of the Kuru kingdom's inhabitants.
19 Vaisampayana describes how King Dhritarashtra, following Vidura's advice, takes up residence on the banks of the Bhagirathi, where many people come to see him. He performs ablutions and religious rites, and then proceeds to Kurukshetra, where he meets the royal sage Satayupa and receives initiation into the forest mode of life from Vyasa. Dhritarashtra and his followers, including Gandhari and Kunti, take up the practice of penances, wearing barks and deer-skins, and restraining their senses. They begin to practise severe austerities, reducing their bodies to skin and bones. Vidura and Sanjaya, conversant with righteousness and endued with intelligence, also wear barks and rags, and wait upon the old king and his wife.
20 Vaisampayana describes how various ascetics, including Narada, Parvata, and Devala, visit King Dhritarashtra in the forest. Narada shares stories of kings who attained great prosperity and reached heaven through penances, including Sahasrachitya, Sailalaya, Prishadhra, and Purukutsa. He assures Dhritarashtra that he too will attain a high goal through his penances and the grace of the Island-born Vyasa. Narada predicts that Dhritarashtra will join his ancestors in heaven, accompanied by Gandhari, and that Vidura will enter into Yudhishthira. The assembly is filled with joy, and Satayupa asks Narada about Dhritarashtra's future. Narada reveals that he has seen Pandu in heaven and that Dhritarashtra has three years left to live, after which he will go to the regions of Kuvera and be honored.
21 Vaisampayana describes the sorrow of the Pandavas and the citizens of Hastinapura after King Dhritarashtra's retirement to the forest. The citizens worry about the king's ability to live in the woods, away from comfort, and praise Kunti for her devotion to her husband. The Pandavas, grief-stricken and unable to enjoy their sovereignty, think of their mother and father, and the slaughter of their kin, including Abhimanyu, Karna, and their friends. They are unable to find peace, and Draupadi and Subhadra are also childless and grief-stricken. However, the sight of Parikshit, the son of Virata's daughter, brings some comfort to the Pandavas.
22 Vaisampayana describes the Pandavas' grief after their mother's departure to the forest. They are anxious about Kunti's well-being and decide to visit her. Sahadeva expresses his desire to see their mother, who was brought up in luxury but is now living in austerity. Draupadi also longs to see Kunti and Gandhari. The king orders his army and retinue to prepare for the journey, allowing any citizen who wishes to accompany them. The Pandavas set out with a large train of women and old men, waiting five days for citizens to join them before proceeding towards the forest.
23 Vaisampayana describes the Pandavas' journey to visit Dhritarashtra in the forest. King Yudhishthira orders his troops, led by Arjuna, to march out. The army proceeds with a loud clamor, with soldiers on horseback, elephants, camels, and foot soldiers. Citizens and inhabitants of the provinces follow, eager to see Dhritarashtra. The Pandavas travel with a large retinue, including Brahmanas, bards, and musicians. Each brother travels in style, with Vrikodara on a gigantic elephant, the twin sons of Madri on fleet steeds, and Arjuna on a solar-effulgent car with white steeds. The ladies of the royal household, led by Draupadi, travel in closed litters, scattering wealth as they proceed. The host is teeming with vehicles, elephants, and steeds, and echoes with music and trumpets. They march slowly, resting by rivers and lakes, until they reach Kurukshetra and cross the Yamuna to behold Dhritarashtra's retreat.
24 Vaisampayana describes the Pandavas' arrival at Dhritarashtra's retreat, where they meet their mother Kunti and their aunt Gandhari. The Pandavas alight from their cars and proceed on foot, followed by their combatants and the spouses of the Kuru chiefs. They find Dhritarashtra absent, but meet him on his return from his ablutions. The Pandavas prostrate themselves before him, and he recognizes them by their voices and touch. They comfort each other, shedding tears of joy. The ladies of the royal household and the inhabitants of the city and provinces gather to behold the old king. King Yudhishthira presents his family members to Dhritarashtra, who is filled with joy and regards himself as once more in the midst of his city. The Pandavas and their wives salute him with reverence, and he is surrounded by vast crowds of people desirous of beholding him.
25 Vaisampayana describes the scene where King Dhritarashtra meets his sons, the Pandavas, in his retreat. Many ascetics gather to behold the sons of Kuru's race. Sanjaya points out each of the Pandavas and their wives, describing their physical characteristics and virtues. He identifies Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, the twins, Draupadi, and other ladies of the Kuru household. Sanjaya also points out the wives of the slain sons of Dhritarashtra, who are now widows. After the ascetics depart, King Dhritarashtra enquires about the welfare of his sons and their companions, who have seated themselves at a distance. The king addresses them, making polite enquiries.
26 Dhritarashtra asks Yudhishthira about his well-being and that of his brothers, citizens, and kingdom. Yudhishthira replies, inquiring about Dhritarashtra's peace and happiness, and asking about Vidura's whereabouts. Dhritarashtra informs Yudhishthira that Vidura is performing austere penances and is well. Vidura suddenly appears, emaciated and naked, and Yudhishthira pursues him. Vidura stops and stands still, and Yudhishthira recognizes him. Vidura then enters Yudhishthira's body through Yoga power, and his own body dies. An invisible voice tells Yudhishthira not to cremate Vidura's body, as it is now a part of his own. Yudhishthira returns and tells Dhritarashtra what happened, and Dhritarashtra is pleased.
27 Vaisampayana describes the Pandavas' stay in the retreat of righteous ascetics. They pass the night on the bare ground, eating the food provided by Dhritarashtra. In the morning, Yudhishthira surveys the retreat, beholding sacrificial altars, ascetics, and diverse wildlife. He gives away gifts to the ascetics, including golden jars, deer-skins, and sacrificial ladles. After roving through the woods, Yudhishthira returns to Dhritarashtra's presence, saluting him and his mother Kunti. The other Pandavas also salute the king and sit down, receiving his permission. Great Rishis, including Vyasa, arrive and are greeted by Yudhishthira and the others. Vyasa takes an excellent seat, and the other regenerate persons sit down after receiving his permission.
28 Vyasa asks Dhritarashtra about his life in the forest, whether he has achieved penances, and if his grief has disappeared. He inquires about Gandhari and Kunti, and whether Yudhishthira and his brothers have been comforted. Vyasa asks if Dhritarashtra's mind is clear and free from stains, and if he has learned about Vidura's departure from the world. He reveals that Vidura was the deity of Righteousness, born through a curse, and was possessed of great intelligence. Vyasa explains that Yudhishthira is also a manifestation of Dharma, and is capable of going everywhere. He offers to dispel Dhritarashtra's doubts and accomplish any feat he desires, showing him something wonderful.
 
2 Putradarsana 8 27 22:30
29 Janamejaya asks Vaisampayana about the wonderful feat accomplished by Vyasa after Dhritarashtra took up residence in the forest. Vaisampayana explains that the Pandavas stayed in the forest for a month, supporting themselves on various foods. Vyasa arrives and is worshipped by Yudhishthira. Other Rishis join them, and they engage in conversation about piety and the deities. Vyasa offers to grant a boon to Dhritarashtra, who expresses his sorrow and guilt over the actions of his son, Duryodhana. Dhritarashtra laments the devastation of the Earth and the death of many kings and heroes. Gandhari and other women also express their grief. Vyasa offers to show Dhritarashtra his children who have passed on to the afterlife.
30 Kunti shares her secret with Vyasa, telling him about the birth of Karna, her son with Surya. She recounts how the ascetic Durvasas granted her a boon, allowing her to summon any deity, and how she unwittingly summoned Surya, who impregnated her. Ashamed, she abandoned the infant Karna in the river, but later learned that he grew up to be a great warrior. Kunti expresses her guilt and longing to see her son, and asks Vyasa to grant her wish. Vyasa reassures her that she is blameless, as the deities have the power to beget children in various ways, and that everything is becoming and pure for those who are mighty. He tells her that her wish will be granted.
31 Vyasa tells Gandhari that she will see her sons and loved ones that night, along with Kunti and Draupadi. He reveals that the Pandavas and others were incarnations of deities, and their deaths were part of a divine plan. Vyasa explains that the heroes who died on the battlefield were portions of gods, Gandharvas, and other celestial beings. He reveals the divine origins of various characters, including Karna, Bhimasena, and Dhrishtadyumna. Vyasa tells them not to grieve, as the deceased will be seen again that night. The group proceeds to the Ganges River, where they will behold the deceased princes. They spend the day waiting for nightfall, when they will be reunited with their loved ones.
32 Vaisampayana describes the night scene where Vyasa summons the deceased warriors from the Bhagirathi River. The warriors, including Bhishma, Drona, and others, arise from the waters, dressed in celestial robes and adorned with ear-rings. They are free from animosity and pride, and are accompanied by Gandharvas, bards, and Apsaras. Gandhari, granted celestial vision by Vyasa, sees all her children and the slain warriors. The assembled crowd beholds the amazing scene with wonder, and Dhritarashtra is filled with joy. The scene is likened to a high carnival, with gladdened men and women, and appears like a painted picture.
33 Vaisampayana describes the joyful reunion of the deceased warriors and their loved ones, free from anger and sin. The Pandavas meet with Karna and others, and all become reconciled. The warriors and ladies spend the night together, happy and content, and then return to their respective abodes. Vyasa then addresses the widows, telling them to cast away sloth and plunge into the Bhagirathi to attain the regions acquired by their husbands. The ladies, devoted to their husbands, do so and become freed from their mortal bodies, attaining celestial forms and proceeding to the regions where their husbands reside. Vyasa grants the assembled men the fruition of their wishes, and the narrative is said to bring delight, fame, and auspicious rewards to those who listen to or recite it.
34 Sauti describes King Janamejaya's curiosity about the re-appearance of dead men and Vaisampayana's explanation. Vaisampayana says that acts are never destroyed without consequences and that bodies are born of acts. The primal elements are eternal and indestructible, and the soul is never modified by pleasure and pain. The soul regards the body as itself until its acts are exhausted, then it takes the self to be something else. Diverse objects unite to form a body, and to men of knowledge, they become eternal. Vaisampayana explains that the paths of the deities are beneficial and that the soul, invested with a case, is eternal. He advises that one should not grieve at separation and that understanding the distinction between body and self is key to freedom from error.
35 Vaisampayana tells King Janamejaya that Dhritarashtra, granted eye-sight by Vyasa, saw his sons for the first time. Janamejaya asks Vyasa to show him his father, Parikshit, in the same form and age as when he left the world. Vyasa grants his wish, and Janamejaya beholds his father, along with Samika and Sringin. He performs the final bath in his sacrifice and is overjoyed to see his father. Astika, a regenerate Rishi, praises Janamejaya's sacrifice and tells him that he has achieved abundant merit by hearing the sin-cleansing history. Janamejaya worships Astika and asks Vaisampayana about the sequel of Dhritarashtra's residence in the woods.
36 Janamejaya asks what Dhritarashtra and Yudhishthira did after seeing their sons and grandsons. Vaisampayana explains that Dhritarashtra returned to his retreat, divested of grief, and the Pandavas went to him with their wives and a small retinue. Vyasa advises Dhritarashtra to let go of sorrow and permit Yudhishthira to return to his kingdom. Yudhishthira is reluctant to leave, but Gandhari and Kunti persuade him to go. The Pandavas take leave of their parents and depart for Hastinapura, with sounds of charioteers, camels, and steeds filling the air.
 
3 Naradagamana 310.2 8:30
37 Narada visits Yudhishthira and reports on Dhritarashtra's penances and eventual death in a forest fire, along with Gandhari and Kunti. Dhritarashtra had been practicing severe austerities and had become a wanderer, followed by Gandhari and Kunti. When a forest fire approached, Sanjaya, their companion, tried to persuade them to escape, but they chose to remain and face the fire, which consumed them. Narada saw their bodies and heard the details of their death from Sanjaya. Yudhishthira and his brothers grieve upon hearing the news, and the citizens and ladies of the royal household also lament the fate of the old king and his companions.
38 Yudhishthira laments the death of Dhritarashtra, Gandhari, and Kunti, saying that the end of human beings is difficult to guess. He grieves for Kunti, who abandoned their prosperity to reside in the woods, and is stunned that she was burnt to death like a helpless creature. He criticizes the deity of fire for burning Kunti, despite Arjuna's past service to him. Yudhishthira regrets that his father met his end through an unsanctified fire, and imagines Kunti's fear and cries for help as she was surrounded by the conflagration. He wishes that Sahadeva, her darling son, had been able to rescue her. The five sons of Pandu are overcome with grief, and their lamentations fill the palace and penetrate the sky.
39 Narada reveals that Dhritarashtra, Gandhari, and Kunti were not burnt to death by an unsanctified fire, but rather by the king's own sacred fire, which he had ignited before abandoning it in the woods. Yudhishthira and his brothers perform the rites of water and cremation for their deceased relatives, and make generous gifts to mark the occasion. The king, still grieving, enters his capital and resumes his sovereignty, but is comforted by Narada's words. The Asramavasika Parvan is a story that should be listened to with rapt attention, and followed by feeding Brahmanas and honoring them with scents and garlands.
   

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1 Vaishampayana tells the story of the downfall of the Vrishnis, which occurred 36 years after the great battle. The Vrishnis, including Krishna, were destroyed by an iron bolt that was brought forth by Samva, who was disguised as a woman. The ascetics Vishvamitra, Kanwa, and Narada had foretold this event, cursing the Vrishnis for their pride and wickedness. Krishna, knowing that the end of his race was near, did not try to prevent it. The iron bolt was reduced to powder and cast into the sea, and the manufacture of wine and spirits was prohibited in the city. However, the Vrishnis were still destroyed, and only Krishna and Rama survived.
2 Vaishampayana continues the story of the downfall of the Vrishnis. The embodied form of Time (death) appears as a terrifying figure, and various evil omens arise, foreboding the destruction of the Vrishnis and Andhakas. Rats and mice infest their houses, and strange creatures are born. The Vrishnis commit sinful acts and show disregard for authority. Only Rama and Janardana act differently. Hrishikesa (Krishna) recognizes the signs of the perverse course of Time and summons the Yadavas, warning them that the day of their destruction has come. He notes that the fourteenth lunation has become the fifteenth, a sign that occurred before the great battle of the Bharatas. Gandhari's curse is about to be fulfilled. Vasudeva commands the Vrishnis to make a pilgrimage to sacred waters, and messengers proclaim the journey to the sea-coast for bathing in the ocean.
3 Vaishampayana continues the story of the downfall of the Vrishnis. The Vrishni ladies have bad dreams, and the men see omens of destruction. Krishna's discus and chariot are taken away, and the Vrishnis prepare for a pilgrimage to sacred waters. They set out with their families, but Uddhava departs for a solitary journey. The Vrishnis begin their revels, drinking and feasting, but Yuyudhana insults Kritavarma, leading to a fight. Satyaki kills Kritavarma, and the Bhojas and Andhakas attack him. Krishna tries to stop the fight, but the Vrishnis and Andhakas continue to slaughter each other. Every blade of grass becomes a deadly iron bolt, and the curse of the Brahmanas is fulfilled. Krishna stands by, eyeing everything, and eventually exterminates the Vrishnis and Andhakas. Daruka and Vabhru urge Krishna to go to where Rama has gone.
4 Vaishampayana continues the story of Krishna's departure from the world. Krishna and Daruka leave the scene of the Vrishni slaughter and find Rama, who is sitting thoughtfully. Krishna sends Daruka to inform Arjuna of the slaughter and asks Vabhru to protect the ladies. Vabhru is killed by a hunter's iron bolt, fulfilling the Brahmanas' curse. Krishna returns to the city, comforts the ladies, and leaves again to join Rama. Rama departs from the human world, and his spirit is received by the Nagas and other celestial beings. Krishna, knowing his time has come, sits in Yoga and is mistakenly pierced by a hunter's arrow. He ascends to Heaven, where he is received by the deities and celestial beings. He meets the Gandharvas, Apsaras, Siddhas, and Saddhyas, and they all worship him.
5 Vaishampayana continues the story of Arjuna's visit to Dwaraka after the slaughter of the Vrishnis. Daruka informs the Pandavas of the Vrishnis' destruction, and Arjuna sets out to see his maternal uncle, Krishna. He finds the city of Dwaraka in a state of despair, with 16,000 ladies who were once protected by Krishna now lordless. Arjuna is overcome with grief and cannot bear to look at them. He compares the city to a river, with the Vrishnis and Andhakas as its water, and Rama and Krishna as its alligators. Without the Vrishni heroes, the city is cheerless and beautiful no more. Arjuna falls down on the earth, wailing aloud, and Satya and Rukmini join him in his grief. The ladies sit around him, praising Govinda and sharing their feelings. Arjuna comforts them and then proceeds to see his maternal uncle.
6 Vaishampayana continues the story of Arjuna's visit to Dwaraka after the slaughter of the Vrishnis. Arjuna finds his maternal uncle, Anakadundubhi (Vasudeva), lying on the ground, grief-stricken over the loss of his sons. Vasudeva laments the destruction of the Vrishnis and the death of his sons, brothers, and friends. He does not blame Satyaki or Kritavarma, but attributes the destruction to the curse of the Rishis. Vasudeva wonders how Krishna, the lord of the universe, could remain indifferent to the calamity. He reveals that Krishna had predicted the destruction and had asked him to inform Arjuna of the carnage. Vasudeva entrusts Arjuna with the care of the women and children and asks him to perform his funeral rites. He decides to retire to a sacred place and await his own death, accompanied by Rama.
7 Vaishampayana continues the story of Arjuna's journey after the slaughter of the Vrishnis. Arjuna addresses the citizens of Dwaraka, informing them of his plan to take the remnants of the Vrishnis and Andhakas to Indraprastha. He performs the last rites for his uncle, Vasudeva, and sets out on the seventh day with the cavalcade of Vrishni women, children, and the aged. As they leave Dwaraka, the ocean floods the city, and the inhabitants remark on the course of fate. The procession is attacked by robbers, but Arjuna tries to protect them, although his celestial weapons do not appear, and his strength is diminished. Many women are taken away, and Arjuna is left with a small group, which he eventually settles in different places, including Indraprastha and Marttikavat. The widows of Akrura and other wives of Krishna retire into the woods, where they live a life of penance, contemplating Hari.
8 Arjuna enters the asylum of Vyasa, who inquires about the cause of his distress. Arjuna recounts the destruction of the Vrishnis and the departure of Krishna, and expresses his grief and despair. Vyasa explains that the destruction was ordained and that Krishna allowed it to happen, despite being able to prevent it. Vyasa tells Arjuna that he and his brothers have accomplished their purpose and that the time has come for their departure from the world. Vyasa consoles Arjuna, saying that Time is the root of all things and that acquisitions and losses are natural. Vyasa advises Arjuna to receive his permission and return to the city, where he should inform Yudhishthira of all that has happened.
 

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1 Janamejaya asks Vaishampayana about the Pandavas' actions after hearing about the Vrishnis' destruction and Krishna's ascension. Vaishampayana recounts how the Pandavas, resolved to retire from the world, installed Parikshit as king and performed rituals in honor of Krishna and their deceased kin. They then set out on a journey, casting off their sacred fires and wearing bark garments. The citizens and ladies of the royal household followed them for a distance before returning. The Pandavas, accompanied by a dog, traveled through various countries, reaching the sea of red waters. There, they encountered the deity of fire, who instructed Arjuna to cast off his celestial bow Gandiva and quivers, as they were no longer needed. The brothers urged Arjuna to comply, and he threw the bow and quivers into the sea. The deity of fire then disappeared, and the Pandavas continued their journey, proceeding to the south and then the west, where they beheld the city of Dwaraka covered by the ocean.
2 Vaishampayana recounts the journey of the Pandavas as they proceed north, crossing the Himavat mountain and entering a desert. As they continue, Draupadi falls to the ground, followed by Sahadeva, Nakula, Arjuna, and Bhima. Each time, Yudhishthira explains the reason for their fall, citing their individual flaws, such as Draupadi's partiality for Arjuna, Sahadeva's pride in his wisdom, Nakula's vanity about his beauty, Arjuna's boastfulness, and Bhima's gluttony. Yudhishthira continues on, accompanied only by a dog, leaving his brothers behind.
3 Vaishampayana recounts Yudhishthira's journey to Heaven, where he is met by Indra and asked to abandon the dog that has accompanied him. Yudhishthira refuses, citing his vow to never abandon one that is devoted to him. Indra explains that dogs are not allowed in Heaven, but Yudhishthira remains steadfast, even when tempted with the promise of a region of felicity. The dog is revealed to be the deity of Righteousness, who praises Yudhishthira for his compassion and good conduct. Yudhishthira is then welcomed to Heaven by various deities and celestial beings, including Narada, who praises him for his achievements. Yudhishthira expresses his desire to be reunited with his brothers and Draupadi, and Indra allows him to join them in their region of felicity.
   

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1 Janamejaya asks Vaishampayana about the regions attained by his grandsires, the Pandavas and the sons of Dhritarashtra, in Heaven. Vaishampayana recounts how Yudhishthira, upon arriving in Heaven, sees Duryodhana seated in prosperity and becomes filled with rage, turning back from the sight. Narada intervenes, explaining that all enmities cease in Heaven and that Duryodhana has attained the region for heroes through his observance of Kshatriya practices. Yudhishthira is reluctant to accept this, remembering the woes inflicted on him and his brothers by Duryodhana. Narada urges him to put aside his enmity and meet Duryodhana according to the ordinances of polite intercourse. Yudhishthira then asks about the regions attained by his brothers and other heroes, including Karna, Dhrishtadyumna, Satyaki, and Abhimanyu.
2 Yudhishthira is determined to find his brothers and companions in the afterlife, despite the difficulties of the path. He travels through a treacherous and foul-smelling region, seeing many tortures inflicted upon sinful men. He hears the lamentations of those in pain and is moved by their suffering. As he journeys on, he hears the voices of his brothers and companions, including Karna, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva, Dhrishtadyumna, Draupadi, and the sons of Draupadi. He is shocked and distressed to find them in this place of suffering and wonders what sin they could have committed to deserve such a fate. He questions the justice of the gods and decides to stay with his companions, comforting them with his presence.
3 Indra and the other gods arrive and reveal that Yudhishthira's journey through Hell was an illusion to test his devotion and righteousness. Yudhishthira is told that he has passed the test and is now free to enjoy the fruits of his good deeds. He is reunited with his brothers and companions, including Karna, and sees that they are all happy and at peace. The deity of Righteousness praises Yudhishthira for his devotion, truthfulness, and self-restraint, and reveals that this was the third and final test. Yudhishthira is bathed in the celestial Ganga and becomes divested of his human body, assuming a celestial form. He is surrounded by the gods and Rishis, who utter his praises. He reaches a place where he is reunited with his brothers and companions, freed from human wrath, and enjoys his respective status.
4 Yudhishthira sees Krishna in his Brahma form, adorned with celestial weapons, and is received with honors. He also sees Karna, Bhimasena, Nakula, Sahadeva, and Draupadi, all blazing with their own effulgence. Indra explains that Draupadi was created by Shiva for Yudhishthira's pleasure and was born as the daughter of Drupada. The five Gandharvas who were the sons of Draupadi and Yudhishthira are also present. Yudhishthira sees Dhritarashtra, the king of the Gandharvas, who is his eldest brother, and Karna, who is his eldest brother and the son of Surya. He also sees other heroes, including Satyaki, Abhimanyu, Pandu, and Bhishma, who have all attained celestial status. Indra explains that these kings have conquered Heaven through their merit and now walk with Gandharvas, Yakshas, or other sacred beings.
5 Vaishampayana explains to Janamejaya the fate of various characters after their death. Bhishma attained the status of the Vasus, Drona entered Brihaspati, and others attained various celestial bodies. Karna entered Surya, Shakuni entered Dwapara, and Dhrishtadyumna entered the deity of fire. The sons of Dhritarashtra were Rakshasas and attained Heaven after death. Yudhishthira entered the god of Righteousness, and Vasudeva entered Narayana. The women who were married to Vasudeva became Apsaras and approached Vasudeva. Ghatotkaca and others attained the status of gods or Yakshas. The text also describes the benefits of reciting or listening to the Mahabharata, including attaining Heaven, victory, or Emancipation, and washing off sins.
6 Janamejaya asks Vaishampayana about the proper way to listen to the Mahabharata, seeking guidance on the rituals and offerings to be made during its recitation. Vaishampayana explains that the Mahabharata contains the stories of the gods and the history of the world, and that listening to it can cleanse one's sins and lead to spiritual growth.He outlines the specific rituals and offerings to be made during each parva (section) of the recitation, including the types of food and gifts to be given to Brahmanas. These offerings range from simple foods like fruits and roots to more elaborate gifts like gold and precious stones.Vaishampayana emphasizes the importance of faith and devotion in listening to the Mahabharata, noting that it is a powerful tool for spiritual growth and self-purification. He also highlights the benefits of reciting the Mahabharata, including the attainment of celestial cars, beautiful garments, and precious jewels.Furthermore, Vaishampayana explains that listening to the Mahabharata can help one attain the status of Vishnu, and that it is a sacred text that should be worshipped and revered. He concludes by stating that the Mahabharata is the highest indicator of duties and is endued with every merit, making it a crucial text for those seeking spiritual guidance and enlightenment.