1 Janamejaya asked Vaishampayana about the events after Karna's death. Vaishampayana replied that Dhritarashtra's son Suyodhana (Duryodhana) was overcome with grief and despair, but resolved to continue fighting. He made Shalya the generalissimo and proceeded to battle, but was defeated and fled. Bhimasena slew him, and the remaining Kuru warriors, Ashvatthama, Kripa, and Kritavarma, slaughtered the Pandava troops at night. Sanjaya returned to the city, grief-stricken, and informed Dhritarashtra of the defeat and death of his sons. The king fell down, senseless, and the ladies and kinsmen wept and wailed. When the king recovered, he lamented the loss of his sons and the destruction of the world. Vidura comforted him, and the king asked the ladies and friends to retire. Sanjaya and Vidura remained, trying to comfort the king, who was overcome with grief. 2 Dhritarashtra lamented, "O Suta, the intelligence I hear from thee is fraught with grief. The Pandavas are safe, while my sons have perished. My heart breaks thinking of their childhood and youth. I never saw their forms, but I cherished them dearly. Hearing of their demise, I am overwhelmed with grief. Where dost thou go, O king, abandoning me? Who will now address me in sweet language? I heard Duryodhana say, 'This wide earth is as much ours as it is of Pritha's son.' He spoke of his heroes and his plans to fight the Pandavas. But now, all is lost. What need I say of all these heroes when united together? All is destiny. "I am bereft of good fortune and deprived of my children. How shall I submit to the sway of enemies? I shall go into the woods, for that is best for me. When Duryodhana had been slain, how shall I bear the roars of Bhimasena who hath alone slain a hundred sons of mine? I shall not be able to bear his cruel words." Dhritarashtra repeatedly swooned, overwhelmed with sorrow, and enquired of Sanjaya the details of what had happened. He asked who became the head of their army after Karna's fall and how his son Duryodhana fell in battle. He desired to hear everything about the battle and the manner in which it occurred.	3 Sanjaya said, "O king, after Karna's death, a great fear entered the hearts of thy sons. Partha began to utter leonine roars, and thy troops fled in fear. They were like shipwrecked merchants on the ocean without a raft. After Karna's death, there was no warrior who could rally the troops or display his prowess. They were like unprotected men desirous of a protector. Deprived of weapons and coats of mail, they lost their senses and knew not which direction to flee. Many fell down or became pale, thinking, 'It is me whom Vibhatsu is pursuing!' Bhimasena slew 25,000 foot-soldiers with his mace. Dhananjaya penetrated into the car-division of the Kurus, stretching his bow Gandiva. Thy troops fled away in fear, deprived of cars and steeds and pierced with shafts. The Pandavas pursued and smote them like bulls pursuing vanquished bulls. Duryodhana challenged all the Pandavas to battle, but they were unable to transgress him. He rallied his troops and addressed them, saying, 'Death in battle is for our good. Let all the Kshatriyas assembled here listen to me. There is no act more sinful for a Kshatriya than flight from battle.'" 4 Sanjaya said, "O sire, the field of battle was awful, like Rudra's sporting ground. Hundreds and thousands of kings lay slain. Kripa, filled with compassion, approached Duryodhana and said, 'O monarch, listen to my words. There is no path better than the duty of battle. Kshatriyas engage in battle, even against their own kin. Having heard of the fall of Bhishma, Drona, Karna, and thy brothers, what is there now for us to do? We shall have to pass our time in grief, having caused numerous kings to perish. Arjuna cannot be vanquished, even by the gods. His Gandiva is like a circle of fire, and his steeds are like the wind. Today is the seventeenth day of this awful battle. Thy army is broken and dispersed like autumnal clouds. Savyasaci has caused thy army to tremble and reel like a tempest-tossed boat. Who is there among thy troops now that would vanquish the son of Pandu? I think peace with the Pandavas is for our good. We are now inferior to them in strength. Preserve thy own self, for self is the refuge of everything. If the refuge is broken, everything inhering thereto is scattered on every side. He that is being weakened should seek peace by conciliation.'"	5 Sanjaya said, "Duryodhana, breathing long and hot breaths, remained silent, then said to Kripa, 'Your words are beneficial, but I cannot accept them. The Pandavas will not trust me, and Krishna will not forgive me. Arjuna is miserable due to Abhimanyu's death, and Bhimasena has made a terrible vow. The Pandavas cannot be dissuaded from battle. I have enjoyed sovereignty and cannot walk behind Yudhishthira like a slave. I have performed sacrifices and given away Dakshinas. I will not address humble words to the Pandavas. I will fight righteously and acquire fame. Death in battle is glorious, and I will proceed to the regions of Shakra. Heroes who never retreat from battle will rejoice in heaven. I will ascend the path taken by my grandsire, preceptor, Jayadratha, Karna, and Duhshasana. Many brave kings have been slain for me, and I desire to pay off my debt to them. I will not save my life and be censured by the world. I will acquire heaven by fair fight.'" The Kshatriyas applauded Duryodhana's speech and cheered him, firmly resolved to fight. They groomed their animals and took up their quarters, waiting for the next day's battle. 6 Sanjaya said, "The warriors, led by Shalya, Chitrasena, Shakuni, Ashvatthama, and Kripa, assembled on the table land at the foot of Himavat, eager for battle. After Karna's death, Duryodhana's sons sought refuge in the mountains, frightened by the Pandavas. They decided to appoint a generalissimo to lead their army and suggested Ashvatthama, who was unrivaled in beauty, learning, and feats. Ashvatthama, with his beautiful limbs, head, and neck, and his sweet speech, was a hero conversant with all the rules of battle. He was an ocean of learning, ever vanquishing his foes with great speed. He knew the science of weapons and the four Vedas with all their branches. Ashvatthama recommended Shalya, citing his descent, prowess, energy, fame, and accomplishments. Shalya, a rival of Drona and Bhishma in battle, was a mighty-armed king who had taken their side, abandoning the sons of his own sister. The kings cheered and made Shalya their commander, resolved to fight the Pandavas. Duryodhana alighted from his car and joined his hands, saying, "O Shalya, thou art our refuge. Be our generalissimo and protect us like Skanda protected the gods." Shalya accepted, offering his life, kingdom, and wealth. Duryodhana solicited him, saying, "Protect us like Indra slew the Danavas." Shalya was installed as the commander, and the kings cheered, determined to vanquish their foes.	7 Sanjaya said, "Shalya, the valiant monarch, replied to Duryodhana, 'I can fight the whole world and vanquish the Pandavas and Somakas. I will form an array that our enemies cannot overcome. I will vanquish the assembled Parthas and Somakas in battle. Without doubt, I will become the leader of thy troops.' Duryodhana poured sanctified water on Shalya, investing him with the command. The Kaurava warriors cheered, praising Shalya, saying, 'Victory to thee, O king. Long life to thee! Slay all the assembled foes!' Shalya vowed to either slay the Pandavas or proceed to heaven. He would career fearlessly on the field, surpassing Drona and Bhishma. The troops became cheerful, regarding the Parthas as already slain. Yudhishthira, addressing Krishna, said, 'The ruler of the Madras, Shalya, has been made the leader of their forces. Do what is beneficial.' Krishna replied, 'I know Artayani, he is accomplished and possessed of great lightness of hand. I think he is in battle equal to Bhishma or Drona or Karna. You are the only one who can slay him. He is invincible in battle, like the Destroyer himself. I do not behold a match for him in battle save thee, O tiger among men. Slay Shalya in battle, like Maghavat slaying Samvara. Upon the fall of the ruler of the Madras, thou art certain to have victory. Upon his slaughter, the vast Dhartarashtra host will be slain.'" Vasudeva urged Yudhishthira to slay Shalya, saying, "Do not show compassion, thinking that this one is thy maternal uncle. Keeping the duties of a Kshatriya before thee, slay the ruler of the Madras. Having crossed the fathomless oceans represented by Bhishma and Drona and Karna, do not sink, with thy followers, in the print of a cow's hoof represented by Shalya. Display in battle the whole of thy ascetic power and thy Kshatriya energy. Slay that car-warrior, like Vasava slaying the Asura Namuchi." 8 Sanjaya said, "After that night, king Duryodhana commanded his warriors to arm themselves. The troops quickly prepared for battle, putting on armor and yoking their steeds. The noise of musical instruments arose, enhancing the martial enthusiasm of the soldiers. The Kauravas, led by the ruler of the Madras, proceeded against the Pandavas, determined to fight together and not individually. The Pandavas, too, arrayed their troops and proceeded against the Kauravas. The two armies clashed, with the Kauravas hoping that Shalya would slay all the Parthas. Shalya, riding his chariot, proceeded at the head of the array, accompanied by the Madrakas and Karna's sons. The Pandavas divided themselves into three bodies and rushed against the Kauravas. King Yudhishthira rushed against Shalya alone, while Arjuna attacked Kritavarma and the Samsaptakas. Bhimasena and the Somakas attacked Kripa, and the two sons of Madri attacked Shakuni and Uluka." Dhritarashtra asked, "What was the strength of each army after the fall of Bhishma, Drona, and Karna?" Sanjaya replied, "Our army had 11,000 cars, 10,700 elephants, 200,000 horses, and three million foot soldiers. The Pandavas had 6,000 cars, 6,000 elephants, 10,000 horses, and one million foot soldiers. The two armies clashed, determined to victory."	9 Sanjaya describes the fierce battle between the Kurus and Srinjayas, likening it to the battle between gods and Asuras. The noise of elephants, horses, and chariots fills the air as warriors clash, using bows, arrows, spears, and swords. The earth is torn apart by the hooves of steeds, and the field is strewn with headless trunks, arms, and umbrellas. The army is compared to a flowering forest, with warriors careered fearlessly, their limbs bathed in blood. Elephants fall like broken clouds, and the field is covered with heaps of fallen steeds and riders. A river of blood flows, with arms and bows as its current, and elephants as its rocks. The brave warriors cross this river, inspiring delight and fear. Arjuna and Bhimasena stupefy their foes, and the host swoons away. The Pandavas blow their conchs and utter leonine roars, and Dhrishtadyumna and Shikhandi rush against the ruler of the Madras. The battle is intense and terrible, with the Pandavas fighting unitedly and separately. The two sons of Madri, Nakula and Sahadeva, endued with great activity and invincible in battle, proceed with great speed against the Kaurava host. The Kaurava army is routed, and the warriors flee, deserting their kin and kinsmen. The field is covered with the bodies of the dead, and the cries of the afflicted fill the air. The battle is a tumultuous and fierce one, with no consideration shown by anybody for anyone. The Pandavas, however, fight with unity and valor, and their enemies are no match for them. 10 Sanjaya describes the intense battle between the Kurus and Pandavas. The Madra king, Shalya, rushes towards Yudhishthira, but the Pandavas fight back valiantly. Nakula engages in a fierce duel with Chitrasena, son of Karna, and ultimately kills him. Chitrasena's brothers, Sushena and Satyasena, seek revenge but are also slain by Nakula. The Kaurava army flees in fear, but Shalya rallies them and they return to battle. The Pandavas, led by Yudhishthira, Satyaki, Bhimasena, and the twin sons of Madri, fight bravely, surrounding Shalya and causing the Kaurava army to waver. The battle rages on, with both sides suffering heavy losses. The Pandavas slaughter the Samsaptakas and rush towards the Kaurava army, shooting arrows and causing chaos. The Kaurava army becomes stupefied and breaks on all sides, but the Pandava army also suffers losses. The battle is intense and fearful, with both sides agitated like streams in the rainy season.
11 Sanjaya describes the intense battle between the Pandavas and Kauravas. The Pandavas, led by Yudhishthira, fight bravely, but the Kaurava army is fierce and unyielding. Shalya, the ruler of the Madras, is a formidable warrior who afflicts the Pandavas with his arrows. The Pandavas, however, counterattack and Shalya's steeds are slain. Shalya then takes up his mace and faces Bhima, who is also wielding a mace. The two warriors engage in a fierce duel, and Bhima ultimately crushes Shalya's steeds and kills his driver. Shalya is filled with wonder at Bhima's strength and takes up his own mace to continue the fight. The battle rages on, with both sides suffering heavy losses. The Pandavas and Kauravas engage in intense hand-to-hand combat, using various weapons and skills. The earth shakes, and meteors fall from the sky, as the warriors fight on. The Pandavas, led by Yudhishthira, Bhima, and Arjuna, fight valiantly, but the Kauravas, led by Duryodhana and Shalya, are equally fierce. The outcome of the battle is far from certain, as both sides refuse to yield. 12 Sanjaya describes the intense battle between Bhima and Shalya, who are evenly matched in their use of the mace. The two warriors exchange blows, producing sparks and flames, and their limbs become covered in blood. Despite being struck with great force, neither warrior yields. The battle rages on, with other warriors joining in, including Duryodhana, Kripa, and Kritavarma. The Pandavas, led by Yudhishthira, fight valiantly, but the Kauravas are equally fierce. The dust of battle is eventually dispelled by the blood that is shed, revealing the intensity of the combat. The warriors fight on, inspired by the desire for victory and the hope of heaven. Shalya and Yudhishthira engage in a fierce duel, exchanging arrows and showing no signs of fatigue. The battle is fierce and unyielding, with no quarter asked or given. The clash between Bhima and Shalya is particularly intense, with both warriors using their maces to devastating effect. The noise of their blows is like thunder, and their limbs are soon covered in blood. Despite their exhaustion, they continue to fight on, inspired by their desire for victory. The battle rages on, with other warriors joining in, and the outcome is far from certain.	13 Sanjaya describes the intense battle between Shalya and the Pandavas. Shalya, the ruler of Madras, single-handedly fights against Satyaki, Bhima, Nakula, and Sahadeva, repelling their attacks and piercing them with arrows. His bow is formidable, capable of bearing great strain and imparting great force to the shafts sped from it. Despite being surrounded by the four Pandava warriors, Shalya continues to fight valiantly, cutting off their weapons and piercing them with arrows. His prowess is wonderful, and the Siddhas and ascetics who witness the battle are filled with delight. King Yudhishthira reflects on how Shalya's prowess may annihilate their army. He worries that the words of Madhava, which predicted their victory, may not come true. The Pandavas, with cars, elephants, and steeds, approach Shalya and afflict him from all sides. However, Shalya disperses their weapons and arrows, filling the sky with his gold-winged arrows. The welkin is so filled that there is not an inch of empty space. The gods and Gandharvas are filled with wonder at Shalya's extreme lightness of hand and vigor in battle. His arrows are like a flight of locusts, and the Pandava troops are shrouded with arrows. Despite being shrouded by Shalya's arrows, the Pandavas, led by Bhimasena and King Yudhishthira, refuse to flee from the battle. They continue to fight valiantly, but Shalya's prowess is unmatched. He cuts off their weapons and pierces them with arrows, and the Pandava troops begin to waver. 14 Sanjaya describes the intense battle between Arjuna and the son of Drona, as well as the Trigartas. Arjuna's car is covered with arrows, but he continues to fight valiantly, covering his enemies with showers of shafts. The son of Drona and the Trigartas fight back, but Arjuna's prowess is unmatched. He destroys 2,000 cars and looks like a smokeless fire with blazing flames. The son of Drona and Arjuna engage in a fierce duel, exchanging arrows and maces. Arjuna cuts off the son of Drona's mallet and mace, and then pierces him with three arrows. The son of Drona shows no fear or agitation, despite being deeply pierced. He then shrouds Suratha, a Pancala hero, with showers of shafts, and kills him with a cloth-yard shaft. The son of Drona then mounts Suratha's vehicle and continues to fight Arjuna. The battle is fierce and enhances the population of Yama's domains. Arjuna, alone and unsupported, fights his foes at the same time, and the encounter is exceedingly fierce. The scene is wonderful, with Arjuna's car moving swiftly and his bow Gandiva shining brightly. The son of Drona and the other warriors are filled with rage and determination, but Arjuna's skill and bravery are unmatched. The battle rages on, with Arjuna killing many warriors and destroying their vehicles. The son of Drona and the Trigartas continue to fight, but they are no match for Arjuna's prowess. The scene is chaotic, with arrows and maces flying through the air and warriors crying out in pain and anger. Arjuna's car moves swiftly, and his bow Gandiva shines brightly, striking fear into the hearts of his enemies. The battle is intense and fierce, and it seems that Arjuna is invincible.	15 Sanjaya describes the fierce battle between Duryodhana and Dhrishtadyumna, with both sides shooting showers of arrows. Dhrishtadyumna afflicts Duryodhana with seventy arrows, and his uterine brothers come to his aid. Shalya fights the Pandavas, including Satyaki and Vrikodara, and Nakula rushes to aid Yudhishthira. Nakula pierces Shalya with ten arrows, but Shalya afflicts him in return. Yudhishthira, Bhimasena, Satyaki, and Sahadeva all rush against Shalya, who receives them with great strength. Shalya pierces each of them with multiple arrows and cuts off Nakula's bow. Satyaki takes up another bow and covers Shalya with arrows, but Shalya continues to fight valiantly. The battle is intense, with arrows filling the air and the Earth trembling. Shalya's prowess is wonderful, and the Pandavas struggle to approach him. Satyaki and Shalya engage in a fierce duel, exchanging arrows and showing great strength. The battle is awful and wonderful to behold, with the warriors showing no signs of fatigue. The Earth is shrouded with arrows, and the welkin becomes one mass of arrows. The points of the compass are ablaze with the shafts shot by the warriors. Shalya achieves a wonderful feat, alone and unsupported, contending with many heroes in that battle. The Pandavas are filled with rage and determination, but Shalya's skill and bravery are unmatched. The battle rages on, with no end in sight, and the warriors fight with all their might. 16 Sanjaya describes the intense battle between the Pandavas and the Kauravas. Shalya, the ruler of the Madras, fights valiantly, but the Pandavas resist him. Yudhishthira, filled with rage, vows to defeat Shalya or die trying. He asks his brothers and Krishna to protect him and prepares for battle. Shalya and Yudhishthira engage in a fierce duel, exchanging arrows and showing great prowess. The two warriors are evenly matched, and it is unclear who will emerge victorious. Shalya shoots hundreds of arrows at Yudhishthira, who responds with equal ferocity. The battle rages on, with both sides suffering heavy losses. Yudhishthira's brothers and Krishna fight bravely, but Shalya's skills are formidable. The ruler of the Madras is a powerful warrior, and his arrows strike fear into the hearts of the Pandavas. However, Yudhishthira is determined to win and fights with all his might. As the battle continues, Yudhishthira gains the upper hand and kills Shalya's steeds and drivers. Shalya flees, but Yudhishthira roars in triumph, causing Shalya to return and continue the fight. The battle is fierce and intense, with both sides determined to win. Despite their best efforts, the Kauravas are unable to defeat Yudhish thira. The Pandava king is too strong, and his determination and bravery inspire his brothers and allies to fight with renewed vigor. In the end, it is Yudhishthira who emerges victorious, having defeated the mighty Shalya in battle.	17 Sanjaya describes the intense battle between the Pandavas and the Kauravas. Shalya, the ruler of the Madras, fights valiantly, but Yudhishthira and his brothers resist him. Yudhishthira and Shalya engage in a fierce duel, exchanging arrows and showing great prowess. Yudhishthira gains the upper hand, killing Shalya's steeds and drivers. Shalya flees, but Yudhishthira roars in triumph, causing Shalya to return and continue the fight. The two warriors are evenly matched, but Yudhishthira eventually emerges victorious, killing Shalya with a dart. The Pandavas rejoice at Shalya's death, and the Kauravas are filled with sorrow and fear. The battle rages on, with both sides suffering heavy losses. Yudhishthira's brothers and allies fight bravely, and the Kauravas are unable to defeat them. The Pandavas are determined to win, and their bravery and skill ultimately lead to their victory. The death of Shalya is a significant blow to the Kauravas, and they begin to lose hope. The battle is fierce and intense, with both sides determined to win. In the end, the Pandavas emerge victorious, and the Kauravas are defeated. The death of Shalya is a turning point in the battle, and it marks the beginning of the end for the Kauravas. 18 After Shalya's death, 1,700 Madraka warriors, loyal to Duryodhana, fought the Pandavas. Despite Duryodhana's orders to stop, they penetrated the Pandava host, seeking to slay Yudhishthira. The Pandavas, including Arjuna, Bhima, and Satyaki, rallied around Yudhishthira and fought back. The Madrakas shouted for Yudhishthira, but the Pandavas held their ground. Shakuni, Duryodhana's maternal uncle, urged him to act, saying it was unbecoming to stand by while their troops were slaughtered. Duryodhana and the Kauravas proceeded to rescue the Madrakas, but the Pandavas were victorious, slaughtering the Madraka warriors. The Kaurava army fled, and the Pandavas uttered joyous shouts. The battlefield was left with headless forms, broken cars, and slain warriors. The Pandavas, united and active, had completed the slaughter of the Madrakas. The Kauravas, led by Duryodhana, Shakuni, and others, fought valiantly but were ultimately defeated by the Pandavas. The Madraka warriors, though brave, were no match for the Pandavas' might. The battle was fierce, with arrows whizzing and conchs blaring, but in the end, the Pandavas emerged victorious, causing the Kaurava army to flee in fear.	19 After Shalya's fall, the Kuru army fled in fear, like shipwrecked merchants on the vast deep, leaving behind a trail of broken chariots and dead bodies. Upon his death, the Kauravas were like masterless men, despairing of success and devoid of courage. The Pandavas pursued them, and the Kaurava army was cut down with keen shafts, their cries and wails filling the air. The Pancalas and Pandavas addressed each other, saying, "Today, king Yudhishthira has vanquished his enemies and proved his might." They exclaimed that Duryodhana had been divested of his splendor and kingly prosperity, and that his army was now leaderless and frightened. The Pandavas, with Dhananjaya, Satyaki, Bhimasena, and others, were invincible, their prowess and bravery unmatched. Who else but Yudhishthira, with Hrishikesa as his protector, could vanquish Bhishma, Drona, Karna, and the ruler of the Madras? The Srinjayas pursued the Kuru army, and Dhananjaya proceeded against the car-division of the foe, his bow Gandiva celebrated over the three worlds. Bhimasena and Dhrishtadyumna resisted the foot-soldiers, who were filled with rage and invincible in battle, but ultimately fell to Bhima's mighty mace. The Pandavas pursued Duryodhana, who could not be transgressed even by all of them together, his valor and might undiminished despite his army's defeat. 20 Shalva, the powerful ruler of the Mlecchas, rode a gigantic elephant against the Pandavas, filled with rage and pride. His elephant was like Airavata, Indra's elephant, and was worshipped by Dhritarashtra's son. Shalva pierced the Pandavas with keen and terrible shafts, and neither side could find any lapses in him. The Pandavas fled in fear, unable to endure the impetuosity of the elephant, which was like a hill and shed its secretions like a mighty mass of pouring clouds. The Kauravas cheered and blew their conchs, but Dhrishtadyumna, the Pancala prince, rushed against the elephant in wrath, taking up his mace and striking it with great force. Shalva urged his elephant forward, and Dhrishtadyumna struck it with shafts, but it crushed his car and driver, causing the Pancala king to jump down and confront the beast. Bhima, Shikhandi, and the grandson of Sini rushed against the elephant, checking its impetuosity and striking it with their shafts. King Salwa shot shafts, striking the Pandava car-warriors, but the Pancala king took up his mace and struck the elephant, splitting its frontal globes and causing it to fall, like a mountain summit suddenly riven by the thunderbolt hurled by the chief of the celestials. As the elephant fell, the Satwata hero cut off Salwa's head with a broad-headed arrow, and he fell to the ground along with his elephant, like a mountain falling down during an earthquake.
21 After Salwa's death, the Kuru army broke like a mighty tree in a storm, their ranks shattered and their warriors fleeing in fear. Kritavarma, a mighty car-warrior and a leader of the Vrishni-Andhaka race, resisted the Pandavas, his bow singing as he shot arrow after arrow at the enemy. The Kuru heroes, who had fled in terror, rallied around him, inspired by his bravery and strength. A fierce battle ensued, with Satyaki and Kritavarma engaging in a duel that shook the very foundations of the earth. They exchanged arrows, their bows flashing in the sunlight as they clashed in a frenzy of steel and sparks. Satyaki killed Kritavarma's steeds and driver, leaving him carless and driverless, but Kritavarma refused to yield. He hurled a lance at Satyaki, but the latter cut it off with arrows, his skill and prowess unmatched. Satyaki then struck Kritavarma with a broad-headed arrow, making him carless and driverless, and the Kaurava troops fled in fear, their hearts filled with despair. Kripa, a mighty warrior, bore Kritavarma away, saving him from the jaws of death. Duryodhana, however, remained, his heart filled with rage and his soul consumed by a fierce determination. He assailed the Pandavas, alone resisting them all, his bow singing as he shot arrow after arrow at the enemy. With firm determination, he careered across the field, unstoppable like a blazing fire, his foes unable to approach him, like living creatures unable to approach the Destroyer. Eventually, the son of Hridika came to his aid, riding another chariot, and the battle raged on, the outcome hanging in the balance. 22 Sanjaya described the fierce battle to Dhritarashtra, saying that Duryodhana, filled with the courage of despair, looked resplendent like Rudra himself, his bow and arrows shining in the sunlight. He covered the earth with thousands of arrows, striking every Pandava warrior, steed, and elephant, his aim unerring and his strength unyielding. The Pandava army was shrouded with his shafts, and the earth seemed to be one entire expanse of arrows, a veritable sea of steel that threatened to engulf them all. Duryodhana's prowess was truly wonderful, and the Parthas could not approach him, their attempts to resist him futile against his unrelenting onslaught. Though pierced from every side by the arrows of the Pandavas, Duryodhana did not waver, his determination and fury driving him forward like a chariot of fire. The Dhartarashtras, inspired by his example, rallied and returned to the battle, their noise and fury exceeding even the roar of the ocean in the season of rains. The battle became general and awful, with many encounters taking place simultaneously, each one a testament to the bravery and skill of the warriors engaged. Men fought with men, elephants with elephants, and steeds with steeds, the clash of steel on steel ringing out across the field. A dense cloud of dust was raised, obscuring the sun and making it difficult to see, but when the earth became drenched with blood, the dust disappeared, and the single combats could be seen once more, their intensity and ferocity blinding and overwhelming. The blazing splendor of the feats performed by the warriors appeared in view, and the noise of falling shafts was loud and unrelenting, a constant reminder of the fury and desperation of the battle.	23 Sanjaya described the intense battle to Dhritarashtra, saying that Duryodhana's army was initially broken by the Pandavas, but they rallied and continued to fight. The battle was fierce, with warriors on both sides showing no mercy. Yudhishthira pierced Saradwat's son with arrows, and Ashvatthama bore away the celebrated son of Hridika. The Pandavas and Kurus fought with vigor, causing great destruction. Portents appeared, presaging the destruction of everything. The earth trembled, meteors dropped from the sky, and a hurricane blew. Despite these omens, the Kshatriyas continued to fight, desiring victory. Shakuni, aided by 10,000 horsemen, attacked the Pandava army from behind, causing them to break. Yudhishthira urged Sahadeva to slay Shakuni, and Sahadeva, aided by the sons of Draupadi, rushed against him. The battle was dreadful, with maces and lances used, and heroes falling on all sides. The earth was strewn with bodies, and the noise of falling weapons and shouting men was loud. In the end, Shakuni retreated with his remaining cavalry, and the Pandavas regrouped, determined to continue fighting. 24 Sanjaya told Dhritarashtra that Shakuni, with 700 horsemen, re-entered the battle and urged the Kshatriyas to fight cheerfully. He asked about Duryodhana's whereabouts and was directed to a spot with a large umbrella and loud noise. Shakuni encouraged Duryodhana to slay the Pandava car-warriors, saying Yudhishthira could only be conquered by one willing to lay down their life. Arjuna, observing the Kuru combatants approaching, told Krishna to urge the steeds forward, saying he would end the hostilities that day. He reflected on the long battle and the fall of many heroes, including Bhishma, Drona, and Karna. Arjuna criticized Duryodhana's folly and covetousness, saying he would never give the Pandavas their kingdom. He recalled Vidura's words, predicting that Duryodhana's birth would lead to the extermination of the Kshatriyas. Arjuna vowed to slay Duryodhana and his army, penetrating the hostile force with Krishna's help. The two heroes entered the "forest of bows," with arrows as prickles and maces as paths. Arjuna shot hundreds of shafts, filling the sky and striking men, elephants, and horses. The Kauravas were languid and lost strength, burned by Arjuna's shafts like a fire consuming dry grass.	25 Sanjaya described the battle to Dhritarashtra, saying Arjuna's shafts were like thunder, causing the Kaurava army to flee. Some deserted their comrades, others were deprived of their animals or drivers. Many car-warriors were pierced by Partha's shafts and breathed hard, deprived of their senses. Some endeavored to rescue their sons or comrades, while others fled in fear. Dhrishtadyumna and Shikhandi fought against Duryodhana's car-force, and the Pancala prince was pierced by Duryodhana's arrows. However, Dhrishtadyumna retaliated and killed Duryodhana's steeds and driver. Duryodhana retreated on horseback and joined Subala's son. The Pandavas were surrounded by 3,000 elephants, but Arjuna and Bhimasena destroyed them with their arrows and mace. Yudhishthira and the sons of Madri also slew the elephant-warriors. Ashvatthama, Kripa, and Kritavarma searched for Duryodhana, who had gone to Subala's son. The Pandavas advanced, and the Kauravas became hopeless. Sanjaya joined the five leaders of their army and fought against Dhrishtadyumna's division, but they were vanquished and retreated. 26 Sanjaya described the intense battle to Dhritarashtra, saying Bhimasena single-handedly destroyed an elephant division, causing thy sons to unite and attack him. Bhimasena, with his club, slaughtered Durmarshana, Srutanta, Jayatsena, Jaitra, Ravi, Bhurivala, Durvimochana, Dushpradharsha, Sujata, and Durvishaha, filling the Kuru army with terror. Srutarvan, enraged by his brothers' fall, attacked Bhimasena with a formidable bow, piercing him with twenty arrows. Bhimasena, undeterred, took up another bow and shrouded Srutarvan with arrows, saying "Wait, Wait!" The battle between the two was fierce, like Vasava and Jambha's ancient fight. Srutarvan, filled with rage, struck Bhimasena with many arrows, but the latter, with his mighty bow, covered Srutarvan with winged arrows. The carless Srutarvan took up a sword and shield, but Bhimasena struck off his head with a razor-headed arrow, felling it to the ground. Upon Srutarvan's fall, the remaining Kuru troops, though terrified, attacked Bhimasena, who received them with arrows. Bhimasena slew 500 great cars, 700 elephants, 10,000 foot-soldiers, and 800 steeds, regarding his object achieved and birth purpose accomplished. The Kuru army, having lost many men, became exceedingly cheerless. I expanded the text by adding more details and descriptive phrases to paint a vivid picture of the battle. I also added a few sentences to emphasize the intensity of the fight and the bravery of Bhimasena. Let me know if you have any further requests!	27 Sanjaya told Dhritarashtra that Duryodhana and his son Sudarsa were in the midst of the Kaurava cavalry. Krishna urged Arjuna to slay Duryodhana, saying many of their foes had been slain, and only a few remained. Arjuna replied that he would slay Duryodhana and the remaining warriors. He noted that Bhishma, Drona, Karna, and others had been slain, and only a few hundred troops remained. Arjuna vowed to slay Duryodhana and win back their possessions. He, Bhimasena, and Sahadeva prepared to assault Duryodhana's division. Duryodhana's son Sudarsana rushed against Bhimasena, while Susarman and Shakuni encountered Arjuna. Duryodhana on horseback attacked Sahadeva, striking his head with a lance. Sahadeva regained his senses and covered Duryodhana with arrows. Arjuna destroyed the cavalry division and proceeded against the Trigartas. The Trigarta warriors covered Arjuna and Vasudeva with showers of shafts, but Arjuna slew many of them, including Satyakarman and Susarman. He then proceeded against the remnant of the Bharata host. Bhima slew Sudarsana and covered the remaining Kaurava troops with arrows, slaying many of them. 28 Sanjaya told Dhritarashtra that Shakuni rushed against Sahadeva, but Sahadeva pierced him with arrows. Uluka encountered Bhima, and Shakuni covered Sahadeva with arrows. The heroes exchanged arrows, filling the sky with a thick shower of projectiles. Bhima and Sahadeva careered in battle, making an immense carnage. The field became strewn with heads, arms, and bodies, and the Earth was covered with the blood of warriors. After the Bharata army was reduced to a small remnant, the Pandavas began to despatch the Kauravas to Yama's abode. Shakuni struck Sahadeva with a lance, but Bhima held the Kuru army in check. Sahadeva recovered and pierced Shakuni with arrows, cutting off his bow and scimitar. Shakuni took up a mace and dart, but Sahadeva baffled them. The Pandavas uttered loud shouts, and the Dhartarashtras turned away from the fight. Sahadeva pursued Shakuni, striking him with shafts and killing him with a razor-headed arrow. The Pandavas rejoiced, and their troops worshipped Sahadeva.	29 Sanjaya told Dhritarashtra that after the Kauravas were defeated, Duryodhana fled the battlefield, filled with rage and humiliation. The Pandavas, filled with joy, slew the remaining Kaurava warriors, and the earth was covered with the bodies of the dead. Duryodhana, wounded and exhausted, entered a lake, and Sanjaya was captured by the Pandavas. However, Vyasa intervened, and Sanjaya was released. He met Duryodhana, who was grief-stricken and exhausted, and told him that all his brothers and troops had been slain. Duryodhana, unable to bear the shame of his defeat, told Sanjaya to inform Dhritarashtra that he had entered the lake and did not wish to live anymore. Sanjaya then met Kripa, Ashvatthama, and Kritavarma, who were also fleeing the battlefield. They were grief-stricken and angry, knowing that Duryodhana was alive but unaware that they still lived. They fled towards the city, taking Sanjaya with them. The ladies of the royal household, including Gandhari, were also fleeing towards the city, weeping and wailing. They had lost their sons, brothers, and husbands, and their cries filled the air. Yuyutsu, Dhritarashtra's son from a Vaisya woman, was spared by Yudhishthira and entered the city with the ladies. Vidura, who had been sitting with Dhritarashtra, met Yuyutsu and commended him for his actions. Vidura then entered the king's abode, which was filled with cries of grief and despair. The mansion was empty and cheerless, and Vidura's grief increased at the sight. He drew deep breaths and entered the palace, where Dhritarashtra was sitting, bereft of foresight and struck by Destiny. Vidura told Dhritarashtra that Yuyutsu had returned, and the king asked him to describe the battle. Sanjaya then described the battle, telling Dhritarashtra that all his sons and troops had been slain. Dhritarashtra was filled with grief and sorrow, and his heart was broken. He had lost everything, and his evil policy had led to the destruction of his family. 30 Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya about the survivors of the Kaurava army after the battle. Sanjaya replied that Kritavarma, Kripa, and Ashvatthama, filled with anxiety, searched for Duryodhana and found him in a lake, where he had fled to escape the Pandavas. Duryodhana, unable to bear the shame of his defeat, refused to fight, despite the urging of his companions. He told them that he would rest for the night and fight the next day. The three warriors, understanding his grief, tried to console him, but Duryodhana remained resolute. Some hunters, who had been supplying meat to Bhimasena, overheard the conversation and decided to inform the Pandavas about Duryodhana's whereabouts. They went to the Pandava camp and told Bhimasena, who rewarded them with wealth and informed Yudhishthira. The Pandavas, filled with joy, proceeded towards the lake, eager to find and defeat Duryodhana. Yudhishthira, Arjuna, Bhimasena, and other warriors arrived at the lake, where Duryodhana lay hidden, his powers of illusion solidifying the waters. The Pandavas raised a tumultuous noise, causing the earth to tremble, and Duryodhana, hearing the noise, knew that his enemies had arrived. He remained still, hoping to avoid detection, but the Pandavas were determined to find him. Kritavarma, Kripa, and Ashvatthama, who had been watching from a distance, decided to leave the spot, knowing that the battle was lost. They took their leave of Duryodhana and departed, filled with grief and anxiety about the king's fate. The Pandavas, meanwhile, continued their search, determined to find and defeat their enemy once and for all.
31 Yudhishthira and the Pandavas arrived at the lake where Duryodhana was hiding, his powers of illusion solidifying the waters. Yudhishthira addressed Vasudeva, saying, "Behold, Duryodhana hath applied his power of illusion to these waters! He lieth within them, fearing injury from man." Vasudeva replied, "With thy own powers of illusion, destroy this illusion of Duryodhana... One conversant with illusion should be slain with illusion." Yudhishthira then addressed Duryodhana, saying, "Why hast thou entered these waters, after causing all the Kshatriyas to perish? Arise, O king, and fight us... Thou art a Kshatriya born of a noble race... Remember thy birth!" Duryodhana replied, "I have not fled from the field of battle actuated by fear... My car was destroyed, my quivers were gone... I desired a little rest." Yudhishthira responded, "All of us have rested sufficiently... Rise then, even now, O Suyodhana, and give us battle!" 32 Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya how Duryodhana, who was wrathful by nature, responded to the Pandavas' taunts. Sanjaya replied that Duryodhana, emerging from the lake, declared his intention to fight the Pandavas one by one, armed with his mace. Yudhishthira granted him the option to choose his opponent and weapon, and Duryodhana chose his mace and challenged any of the Pandavas to a duel. He vowed to vanquish them all and fulfill his debt to the fallen Kshatriyas. Yudhishthira accepted the challenge and offered to grant Duryodhana any boon except his life if he emerged victorious. Duryodhana donned golden armor and a headgear, and stood ready for battle, declaring his intention to fight any of the Pandavas and gain victory. Duryodhana said, "I shall fight all of you one by one, armed with my mace! Let any one amongst you take up the mace and fight me!" Yudhishthira replied, "Rise, O son of Gandhari, and fight me, Suyodhana! Alone as thou art, fight us, encountering one at a time, thou of great might, armed with thy mace!"	33 Vasudeva warned Yudhishthira that Duryodhana's skill with the mace made him a formidable opponent. Bhimasena, however, was confident in his own abilities and vowed to slay Duryodhana. Vasudeva applauded Bhimasena's determination and encouraged him to be cautious in the fight. Bhimasena, filled with rage, addressed Duryodhana, reminding him of past wrongs and vowing to end his reign of terror. Duryodhana, undaunted, replied that he was ready for battle and would not be defeated by deceit. The Pandavas and Srinjayas cheered Bhimasena on, and the two warriors prepared for combat. Bhimasena said, "I shall today reach the end of these hostilities! Without doubt, I shall slay Suyodhana in battle!" Vasudeva applauded him, saying, "Relying on thee, O thou of mighty arms, king Yudhishthira the just will, without doubt, get back his own blazing prosperity after the slaughter of all his foes!" Bhimasena vowed to quell Duryodhana's pride and destroy his hope of sovereignty, saying, "Thee also I shall today slay with my mace! Of this there is no doubt!" 34 Sanjaya said, "As the battle between Bhimasena and Duryodhana was about to begin, Rama, whose banner bore the palmyra palm, arrived on the scene. The Pandavas, with Krishna, joyfully welcomed him and worshipped him with due rites. Rama, casting his eyes on the two warriors, said, "I am desirous of beholding this encounter with the mace between my two disciples!" The two heroes, Duryodhana and Bhimasena, stood resplendent, armed with maces. King Yudhishthira and the others greeted Rama and bade him welcome. Bhimasena and Duryodhana worshipped Rama, who enquired after their welfare. The other kings honored him, and Rama took his seat amongst them, looking resplendent like the moon in the firmament. Then, the dreadful encounter between the two brothers began, making the hair stand on end. Rama, the elder brother of Krishna, arrived to witness the battle between Bhimasena and Duryodhana. The Pandavas welcomed him and worshipped him with due rites. Rama expressed his desire to see the encounter, and the two warriors prepared for battle. The kings greeted Rama, who took his seat amongst them, shining like the moon amidst stars. The battle then began, a terrifying encounter that would end the long-standing quarrel.	35 Janamejaya asked Vaishampayana to tell him about Rama's return and how he witnessed the battle. Vaishampayana began by explaining that Rama had gone on a pilgrimage to the Sarasvati River after Krishna's peace mission failed. Rama visited various sacred places along the river, accompanied by priests, friends, and Brahmanas, and gave away wealth and gifts to those in need. He eventually came to Kurukshetra, where the battle was taking place. Janamejaya asked Vaishampayana to describe the features and origin of the tirthas on the Sarasvati and the ordinances to be observed while sojourning there. Vaishampayana began by telling the story of how Soma, the Lord of the constellations, was cursed by Daksha for his unequal treatment of his wives. Soma was afflicted with phthisis and lost his beauty and energy. He bathed in the tirtha of Prabhasa and regained his form and beauty. Vaishampayana continued, explaining that Rama proceeded to various other tirthas, including Chamasodbheda and Udapana, giving away gifts and performing ablutions along the way. He noted that although the Sarasvati River seems to be lost in some places, it has an invisible current that continues to flow underground. 36 Vaishampayana told Janamejaya the story of Udapana, a tirtha on the Sarasvati River. The ascetic Trita had lived there and was thrown into a pit by his brothers Ekata and Dwita, who wanted to keep the sacrificial animals for themselves. Trita, however, used his wisdom and imagination to perform a sacrifice in the pit, mentally uttering the necessary mantras and converting pebbles into sugar. The gods, hearing his loud noise, came to the spot and were given their allotted shares. They relieved Trita from the pit and granted him boons. Trita cursed his brothers to become wolves and other fierce animals. Baladeva proceeded to Udapana, gave away wealth, and worshipped Brahmanas. He bathed there and became filled with joy. Vaishampayana continued the story, saying that Trita's brothers were transformed into wolves and other animals due to his curse. Baladeva then proceeded to Vinasana, another tirtha on the Sarasvati.	37 Vaishampayana told Janamejaya about Baladeva's journey to various tirthas along the Sarasvati River. He visited Vinasana, where the river becomes invisible due to contempt for Sudras and Abhiras. He then went to Subhumika, a beautiful tirtha where Apsaras and gods sport, and the Gandharvas' tirtha, where he gave away wealth and heard celestial music. Next, he visited Gargasrota, where Garga acquired knowledge of Time, and Sankha, where he saw a gigantic tree and gave away milch cows and vessels. He proceeded to the Dwaita lake, Nagadhanwana, the abode of Vasuki, the king of snakes, and other tirthas, giving away wealth and worshipping Brahmanas. The Sarasvati River changed its course to facilitate the Rishis' sacrifices, and Baladeva was filled with wonder. Vaishampayana explained that the river had bent its course to accommodate the large number of Rishis performing sacrifices in Naimisha. The Rishis had failed to find sufficient room on the banks, and the river created many abodes for itself to facilitate their rites. This wonderful feat was accomplished by the river out of kindness for the Rishis. Baladeva, having the plough for his weapon, arrived at the tirtha called Sapta-Saraswat, where the great ascetic Mankanaka had performed his penances and became crowned with success. 38 Janamejaya asked Vaishampayana about the tirtha called Sapta-Saraswat and the ascetic Mankanaka. Vaishampayana explained that the seven Sarasvatis cover the universe and appeared at different locations, including Pushkara, Naimisha, and Kurukshetra, to assist the Grandsire and other Rishis. The seven forms of Sarasvati are Suprava, Kanchanakshi, Visala, Manorama, Oghavati, Surenu, and Vimalodaka. Mankanaka, a brahmacari, had a remarkable feat where his vital seed fell into a pot and divided into seven parts, from which the Maruts were born. Later, when his hand was pierced with a Kusa blade, a vegetable juice came out, and he danced with joy. Mahadeva appeared and struck his thumb, producing white ashes, which shamed Mankanaka. He realized Mahadeva was the Supreme being and praised him, seeking forgiveness for his earlier behavior. Mahadeva granted his wishes, and Mankanaka's asceticism increased. The god also promised to dwell in the tirtha Sapta-Saraswat and grant blessings to those who worship him there.	39 Vaishampayana said, "Baladeva worshipped at the tirtha Usanas, also known as Kapalamochana, where Rama had slain a Rakshasa and hurled his head, which fell onto the thigh of a sage named Mahodara. The head stuck to his thigh until he bathed in this tirtha, where it was freed. The sage had tried many tirthas before finding relief here. The tirtha was named Kapalamochana because it freed the sage from the Rakshasa's head. This tirtha is also where the great ascetic Kavi, Sukra, performed his penances and wrote the science of politics and morals. Baladeva then went to the asylum of Rushangu, where Arshtishena had undergone penances and Vishvamitra became a Brahmana. The asylum was said to grant wishes and was home to many Munis and Brahmanas. Rushangu, an old Brahmana, had cast off his body here after bathing in the Sarasvati and mentally reciting sacred mantras. He had chosen this spot because it was said that one who casts off their body on the northern bank of the Sarasvati would never be afflicted with death again. Baladeva bathed in the tirtha, gave wealth to the Brahmanas, and proceeded to the next tirtha, where the Grandsire had created the mountains Lokaloka, and many other sages had achieved great ascetic success." 40 Janamejaya asked Vaishampayana about the stories of Arshtishena, Sindhudwipa, Devapi, and Vishvamitra. Vaishampayana explained that Arshtishena performed austere penances to acquire mastery of the Vedas and bestowed three boons on the tirtha. Sindhudwipa and Devapi also acquired Brahmanhood in the same tirtha. Vishvamitra, a Kshatriya king, became a great ascetic and acquired Brahmanhood through his penances. He had previously tried to protect his kingdom from Rakshasas but was unsuccessful. He then sought the help of Vasishtha, who created a swarm of men to defeat his army. Vishvamitra then practiced austerities, emaciating his body and observing vows, until he became like the Sun in effulgence. Brahma granted him the boon of Brahmanhood, and he wandered the Earth, giving away wealth and worshipping Brahmanas.
41 Vaishampayana said, "The delighter of the Yadus proceeded to the asylum of Vaka, where the Rishi had poured the kingdom of Dhritarashtra as a libation on the fire, wasting away the kingdom. The king, filled with grief, consulted his counsellors and was advised to gratify Vaka. He did so, and Vaka freed his kingdom from calamities. The Rishi had been angered by the king's treatment of him and the dead kine. The king, realizing his mistake, sought forgiveness and Vaka showed him grace. In the same tirtha, Brihaspati had poured libations on the fire, destroying the Asuras and bringing prosperity to the gods. Rama then proceeded to the tirtha of Yayata, where Yayati had performed a sacrifice and gone to heaven. The Sarasvati produced milk and clarified butter at the sacrifice, and Yayati gave valuable gifts to the Brahmanas. The river Sarasvati gave each Brahmana what he desired, and the gods and Gandharvas were pleased. The Brahmanas regarded the gifts as made by the king and praised him, bestowing their auspicious blessings. The gods and Gandharvas were all pleased with the profusion of articles in that sacrifice. As regards human beings, they were filled with wonder at sight of that profusion. The illustrious Baladeva, of soul subdued and restrained and cleansed, distinguished by great righteousness, and ever giving away the most valuable things, then proceeded to the tirtha of fierce current called Vasishthapavaha." 42 Janamejaya asked why the current of Vasishthapavaha is so rapid. Vaishampayana explained that a great enmity arose between Vishvamitra and Vasishtha due to their rivalry in ascetic austerities. Vishvamitra, burning with jealousy, wanted to slay Vasishtha and ordered Sarasvati to bring him to his presence. Sarasvati, afraid of a curse, informed Vasishtha, who told her to bear him away to save herself. Sarasvati washed away one of her banks and bore Vasishtha away, praising her as she did so. Vasishtha praised Sarasvati, saying she was the source of all wisdom and the universe was filled with her excellent waters. Vishvamitra, filled with rage, tried to slay Vasishtha, but Sarasvati quickly bore him away again, deceiving Vishvamitra. Cursed by Vishvamitra, Sarasvati flowed with blood for a year, but eventually returned to her proper condition. The gods, Gandharvas, and Apsaras were filled with sorrow seeing Sarasvati in that state. The tirtha was named Vasishthapavaha due to this incident. Vaishampayana continued, "Thus, O king, did the dispute arise between Vishvamitra and Vasishtha, and thus did Sarasvati bear away the latter to save him from the former's wrath.”	43 Vaishampayana said, "Cursed by Vishvamitra, Sarasvati flowed with blood, attracting many Rakshasas who drank it and lived happily. However, some Rishis arrived and learned of the curse. They worked together to free Sarasvati from her plight. They worshipped Mahadeva and performed penance, eventually purifying the river. The Rakshasas, now hungry, sought the Rishis' protection and were told to eat only certain foods. The Rishis created a new river, Aruna, where the Rakshasas bathed and went to heaven. Indra, tainted with Brahmanicide, bathed in Aruna and became cleansed. He had broken his treaty with Namuchi and killed him with foam. Pursued by Namuchi's head, Indra sought Brahma's help and performed sacrifices in Aruna, giving away gifts and bathing in the river. He was freed from sin and returned to heaven, joyful. Baladeva bathed in Aruna, gave away gifts, and obtained great merit. He then went to the tirtha of Soma, where Soma had performed the Rajasuya sacrifice. A great battle took place there between the gods and the Danavas, Daityas, and Rakshasas, and Skanda slew Taraka. The Aswattha tree, under whose shade Kartikeya resides, stands as a witness to that battle." 44 Janamejaya asked Vaishampayana to describe the investiture of Kumara, also known as Skanda, as the celestial generalissimo. Vaishampayana began by telling the story of Skanda's birth from Maheshvara's seed, which was thrown into a fire and then cast by Agni into the river Ganga. Ganga threw the seed onto the breast of Himavat, where it grew into a child of fiery splendour. The six Krittikas found the child and each claimed it as their own, so Skanda assumed six mouths to suckle from each of them. As he grew, Skanda became possessed of great energy and ascetic power. The gods and goddesses, including Rudra, Uma, and Ganga, awaited Skanda's arrival, each hoping he would approach them first. Skanda used his Yoga powers to assume four different forms, each of which approached one of the four gods and goddesses. The gods and goddesses bowed to the Grandsire, who granted Skanda the status of generalissimo among all creatures. The gods then took Skanda to the bank of the Sarasvati, where they invested him with the command of the celestial forces. The gods and Gandharvas praised Skanda, and the river Sarasvati herself appeared, bearing all the gods and goddesses on her waters. The gods and goddesses then bestowed upon Skanda the weapons and the army that would aid him in his battles against the Daityas.	45 Vaishampayana said, "The gods gathered to invest Kartikeya as their generalissimo. Brihaspati performed the ceremony, and Himavat gave a gemstone seat. The gods brought auspicious items, and Kartikeya sat on the seat. The gods poured sacred water from golden jars, and Brahman gave four companions to Kartikeya: Nandisena, Lohitaksha, Ghantakarna, and Kumudamalin. Other gods also gave companions: Yama gave Unmatha and Pramatha; Surya gave Subhraja and Bhaswara; Ansa gave Parigha, Vata, Bhima, Dahati, and Dahana; Vasava gave Utkrosa and Panchaka; Vishnu gave Chakra, Vikrama, and Sankrama; the Ashvinis gave Vardhana and Nandana; Dhatri gave Kunda, Kusuma, Kumuda, Damvara, and Adamvara; and so on. The gods shouted 'Victory to Skanda!' and gave him celestial troops. Skanda's companions had diverse faces, some like tortoises, cocks, dogs, and others like snakes. Some had human faces, and some had faces like sheep, jackals, and birds. They were clad in diverse robes and ornaments and had diverse weapons. Some had many arms and heads, and some had snakes for clothes. They were invincible and delighted in battle. The gods gave thousands of companions to Kartikeya, and they danced around him in joy, cutting capers and gamboling. The companions were skilled in all provincial dialects and conversed with each other, creating a tumultuous sound." 46 Vaishampayana said, "The mothers, slayers of foes, became the companions of Kartikeya. Prabhavati, Vishalakshi, Palita, Gonasi, Shrimati, and others, numbering thousands, followed him. They had diverse forms, long nails and teeth, and were decked with ornaments. Some were dark, some had coppery eyes, and some were endued with the splendour of the morning sun. They were capable of assuming any form at will and were cheerful. They partook of the nature of Yama, Rudra, Soma, Kuvera, Varuna, Indra, and Agni. They lived in trees, open spots, caves, and crematoriums, and spoke diverse languages. At the command of the chief of the celestials, they followed Kartikeya, who was given a dart for the destruction of the enemies of the gods. Indra gave him a banner, Shiva an army, Vishnu a triumphal garland, and Uma two pieces of cloth. Accompanied by his companions and the mothers, Skanda proceeded to destroy the daityas and protect the denizens of heaven. The celestials praised him, and the gandharvas sang. Skanda granted a boon to the gods and slew Taraka, Mahisha, and other daityas. He pierced the Kraunca mountain and slew Vana, Bali's son. The celestials honoured him, and drums were beaten, conchs blown, and floral showers rained upon him. The gods and the mothers were delighted, and the three worlds were filled with joy. Skanda's glory was sung by the gandharvas, and his prowess was spoken of by the brahmanas. He was hailed as the leader of the celestial forces and the protector of the universe."	47 Janamejaya asked Vaishampayana about the installation of Varuna as the Lord of waters. Vaishampayana recounted how the celestials, led by Indra, approached Varuna and asked him to protect the rivers and oceans as Indra protected the gods. Varuna agreed, and the celestials installed him according to the scriptures. Varuna then protected the waters as Indra protected the gods. Janamejaya also asked about Agni's disappearance and reappearance. Vaishampayana explained that Agni hid in the Sami wood due to Bhrigu's curse and was later discovered by the gods, led by Brihaspati. Agni became an eater of everything, as cursed by Bhrigu. Balarama bathed in the tirtha where Agni reappeared and then visited other tirthas, including Brahmayoni, Kauvera, and Vadarapachana, where he gave away wealth and unguents. At Kauvera, he saw the woods where Kuvera practiced austerities and obtained lordship over treasures and other boons. The Maruts installed Kuvera in his sovereignty, and he obtained a celestial car and all the affluence of a god." 48 Vaishampayana told Janamejaya the story of Sruvavati, a beautiful maiden who practiced severe austerities to win Indra's heart. Indra, disguised as Vasishtha, tested her devotion by asking her to boil jujubes, which she did, even burning her own limbs when the firewood ran out. Impressed, Indra revealed himself and promised to grant her wish. He said she would live with him in heaven and the hermitage would become a famous tirtha called Vadarapachana, capable of cleansing all sins. The story was similar to that of Arundhati, who had also practiced severe austerities and was granted a boon by Mahadeva. Sruvavati was born from the vital seed of Rishi Bharadwaja, which was held in a cup made of leaves and later gave birth to her. Bharadwaja named her Sruvavati and raised her in his hermitage. Janamejaya asked about Sruvavati's mother and how she was raised, and Vaishampayana told him the story of her birth and life. Sruvavati's devotion and determination were admirable, and her story served as an inspiration to others. Her austerities and self-sacrifice ultimately led her to achieve her goal and win the heart of Indra. The story also highlighted the importance of perseverance and dedication in achieving one's goals. Vaishampayana's narration of Sruvavati's story was a testament to the power of devotion and the rewards that await those who practice it."	49 Vaishampayana said, "Baladeva proceeded to Indra's tirtha, a sacred place where Shakra had performed a hundred horse sacrifices, earning the name Satakratu. The tirtha became known as Indra-tirtha, capable of cleansing all sins. Baladeva bathed there according to due rites and gave away wealth and gems to Brahmanas, worshipping them with food and robes. He then proceeded to Rama-tirtha, where Rama had performed Vajapeya and horse sacrifices, and had given the earth to his preceptor Kasyapa. Rama, endued with great ascetic merit, had repeatedly subjugated the earth and slain all the foremost Kshatriyas. Baladeva then proceeded to Yamuna-tirtha, where Varuna had performed the Rajasuya sacrifice, and worshipped the ascetics. A battle had ensued amongst the Kshatriyas after the completion of that sacrifice. Baladeva made many presents to those who desired them and was filled with joy and praised by the Rishis. He then proceeded to Aditya-tirtha, where Surya had obtained sovereignty over all luminous bodies. Many gods and ascetics reside in that tirtha, including Vishnu, who had slain Madhu and Kaitabha. Vyasa and Asita-Devala also bathed there and obtained great Yoga powers. Baladeva, with eyes like lotus leaves, proceeded to the next tirtha, his heart filled with joy and his soul at peace." 50 Vaishampayana said, "In days of yore, a virtuous Rishi named Asita-Devala lived in a tirtha, leading a life of purity and self-restraint. He was devoted to virtue and compassionate to all creatures. A great ascetic named Jaigishavya came to his asylum, and Devala worshipped him with great respect. One day, Devala lost sight of Jaigishavya, but later found him performing ablutions in the ocean, which filled him with wonder. He reflected on Jaigishavya's power and saw him soar aloft, proceeding to various regions, including heaven, the abode of Soma, and the regions of the Pitris, the Rudras, and the Adityas. Devala lost sight of him again and enquired about his whereabouts. The Siddhas told him that Jaigishavya had gone to the eternal region of Brahman. Devala returned to his asylum, where he found Jaigishavya seated, and was impressed by his power. He resolved to adopt the religion of Moksha, but all creatures lamented, fearing that Devala would no longer provide them with food. Devala reflected and abandoned the religion of Domesticity, adopting that of Moksha instead. He obtained the highest success and Yoga, and the celestials applauded Jaigishavya's penances. The two ascetics, Devala and Jaigishavya, were thus united in their pursuit of spiritual excellence, and their tirtha became a place of great sanctity and power."
51 Vaishampayana said, "In the tirtha where the Lord of stars performed the rajasuya sacrifice, a great battle was fought. Taraka was the root of the evil. Bala, of cleansed soul, bathed and made presents, then proceeded to the tirtha of Sarasvata. During a 12-year drought, Sarasvata taught the Vedas to many brahmanas. Janamejaya asked why Sarasvata taught the Vedas during the drought. Vaishampayana replied that in days of yore, the sage Dadhica performed severe penance, and Shakra sent the apsara Alambusa to tempt him. Dadhica's vital seed fell into the Sarasvati, and the river held it in her womb. In time, the seed developed into a fetus, and the river brought forth the child, giving it to Dadhica. The sage was overjoyed and granted a boon to the river, saying that the vishvadevas, rishis, gandharvas, and apsaras would derive great happiness from her water. He named the child Sarasvata, who would teach the Vedas during a 12-year drought. The sage also predicted that Sarasvata would create new worlds and become known after the river's name. During the drought, many rishis fled, but Sarasvata stayed, supported by the river, and continued to offer oblations. After the drought, the rishis returned, and Sarasvata taught them the Vedas, which they had forgotten. 60,000 munis became his disciples, and he restored their knowledge of the scriptures." 52 Janamejaya asked why the maiden practiced ascetic penances, and Vaishampayana replied that the rishi Kuni-Garga created a daughter by his will and abandoned his body, leaving her to practice severe penances. She worshipped the pitris and gods with fasts but refused marriage, seeking a worthy husband. Narada told her she had no claim to regions of blessedness without the rite of marriage. She offered half her penances to anyone who would accept her hand, and Sringavat, Galava's son, accepted with the compact that she would live with him for one night. After fulfilling the compact, she departed for heaven, leaving Sringavat sorrowful. He eventually followed her, moved by grief and her beauty. This is the story of the old maid's brahmacarya and auspicious departure for heaven. Baladeva, hearing of Shalya's slaughter, made presents to brahmanas and grieved, then asked rishis about the battle at Kurukshetra and was told everything as it had happened. The rishis recounted the events of the battle, and Baladeva learned of the fate of his allies and the triumph of the Pandavas. He was filled with sorrow and regret, and his mind was heavy with grief. The story of the old maid served as a reminder of the transience of life and the importance of spiritual pursuits, and Baladeva was moved to reflect on his own life and actions."	53 The Rishis told Rama that Samantapanchaka is the eternal northern altar of Brahman, where the denizens of heaven performed a great sacrifice. Kuru, a royal sage, cultivated this field for many years, and it became known as Kurukshetra. Rama asked why Kuru cultivated the field, and the Rishis explained that Kuru wanted those who died there to be cleansed of their sins and go to heaven. Shakra, the lord of heaven, ridiculed Kuru's efforts but eventually granted a boon that those who died there, either naturally or in battle, would go to heaven. The Rishis said that this was sanctioned by Brahman, Vishnu, and Maheshvara, and that the spot is highly sacred and auspicious. Many kings and Brahmanas have performed sacrifices here and gone to heaven. The space between Tarantuka and Arantuka, including the lakes of Rama and Shamachakra, is known as Kurukshetra. Shakra himself composed a verse saying that even the dust of Kurukshetra can cleanse people of wicked acts and bear them to heaven. The Rishis further explained that those who perform austere penances here will go to Brahman's abode, and those who give away their wealth here will have it doubled. Those who reside here constantly will never have to visit the region of Yama. Kings who perform great sacrifices here will reside in heaven as long as Earth herself lasts. The Rishis praised the sacredness of Kurukshetra, saying that it is a place where sins are cleansed and blessings are obtained." 54 Vaishampayana said, "Baladeva visited a beautiful hermitage, where Vishnu and a Brahmani maiden had performed penances. The maiden had obtained ascetic success and gone to heaven. Baladeva entered the asylum, performed rites, and ascended a mountain. He beheld a sacred tirtha, Plakshaprasravana, and bathed in the Sarasvati. He met Narada, who told him about the Kurus' fate and the upcoming battle between Bhima and Duryodhana. Baladeva was curious and decided to witness the battle. He sang a verse, praising the Sarasvati's merits and happiness. With joy, he ascended a car and journeyed to the battlefield, eager to see the encounter between his two disciples. Baladeva's journey was filled with wonder and curiosity. He had heard about the battle and was eager to witness it. His love for his disciples and his desire to see them safe and victorious drove him forward. The Sarasvati's sacred waters and the hermitage's peaceful atmosphere had prepared him for the upcoming battle. With a sense of purpose, he arrived on the field, ready to witness the clash between Bhima and Duryodhana."	55 Vaishampayana said, "King Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya about the battle between Bhima and Duryodhana. Sanjaya described the scene, saying that Rama arrived at the spot, and Yudhishthira honored him. Rama spoke of Kurukshetra's sacredness and his intention to proceed to Samantapanchaka. Duryodhana and Bhima, armed with maces, approached each other, their anger and prowess evident. The two warriors, disciples of Rohini's son, were evenly matched, their strength and achievements reminiscent of various gods and heroes. They exchanged angry glances, their wrath and passion palpable, like two infuriated elephants or roaring masses of clouds. Their maces, uplifted and ready to strike, seemed like two mountains with tall summits. The two heroes, filled with joy and regard for each other, encountered each other, their maces clashing in a fierce and mighty blow. The sound of the maces echoed through the field, like the roar of the ocean or the rumble of thunder. The kings gathered to watch the battle, their faces filled with wonder and awe. Baladeva, handsome and strong, was worshipped by all, and the two heroes stood, casting angry glances, like Shakra and Vritra in fight. The battle raged on, the two warriors exchanging blow for blow, their maces flashing in the sunlight. The outcome was far from certain, as the two heroes seemed evenly matched. The kings watched in suspense, their hearts pounding with excitement and fear. Who would emerge victorious? Only time would tell." 56 Vaishampayana said, "A fierce wordy encounter took place between Bhima and Duryodhana, filled with anger and determination. Dhritarashtra lamented his son's fate, who had once been the lord of eleven akshauhinis but now walked to battle on foot, shouldering his mace, a sign of his fallen status. Sanjaya described the terrible portents that appeared, including fierce winds, dust showers, and falling meteors, indicating the impending doom of one of the warriors. Bhima roared with joy, challenging Duryodhana to battle, his voice like thunder. He recalled the past woes suffered by the Pandavas, including the attempt to burn them at the house of lac, the insult offered to Draupadi in the assembly, and their exile to the forest. Bhima vowed to avenge himself and slay Duryodhana, his anger and wrath evident in his words. The latter, unfazed by Bhima's threats, replied that he was not afraid and had long cherished the desire for a mace encounter with his rival. The kings present applauded, excited by the prospect of the battle, and the two warriors rushed to clash, their weapons blazing forth with a fierce light. The elephants trumpeted loudly, and the steeds neighed repeatedly, as the Pandavas longed for victory and the end of their suffering. The stage was set for a fierce and final encounter between the two sworn enemies."	57 Sanjaya described the fierce battle between Bhima and Duryodhana, who rushed at each other like two bulls, their eyes fixed on each other in a fierce stare. Their maces produced loud sounds like thunderbolts, and their limbs were soon bathed in blood, as they exchanged blow for blow. The two warriors, equal in energy and strength, looked like two Kinsukas decked with flowers, their beauty and grace marred only by the ferocity of the battle. The battle was terrible, making the hair stand on end, like that between Indra and Prahlada. The gods, Gandharvas, and men watched in wonder as the two cousins clashed, their maces flashing in the sunlight. After a brief rest, they resumed fighting, each trying to gain the upper hand, their movements swift and deadly. Bhima performed various evolutions, whirling his mace and striking Duryodhana with great force. The latter, filled with rage, struck back, and the two warriors careered in circles, their maces producing loud sounds that echoed through the battlefield. The battle was awfully beautiful, like the battle between Vritra and Vasava, and the spectators watched in wonder, their hearts filled with excitement and fear. The Somakas and Pandavas cheered Bhima on, their voices ringing out across the battlefield, as the two warriors fought on, their strength and endurance seemingly limitless. The outcome of the battle was far from certain, as the two cousins fought on, their maces flashing in the sunlight, their determination and courage unbroken." 58 Sanjaya said to Arjuna, "Beholding the fight between Bhima and Duryodhana, I asked Vasudeva who was superior. Vasudeva replied that both had equal instruction, but Bhima had greater might, while Duryodhana had greater skill. If Bhima fights fairly, he won't win, but if he fights unfairly, he will slay Duryodhana. Vasudeva cited examples of the gods winning with deception and advised Bhima to do the same. 'Bhima vowed to break Duryodhana's thighs with his mace. Let him accomplish that vow with deception. Yudhishthira's fault has led to this danger. Suyodhana is accomplished and firmly resolved. An old verse says that those who rally and come back to fight, having abandoned hope, should be feared. Duryodhana had practiced with the mace for thirteen years and was firmly resolved. Bhima should slay him unfairly.' Arjuna struck his left thigh, and Bhima understood the sign. The two warriors careered, their maces clashing, producing sparks and peals of thunder. They fought fiercely, their limbs mangled and bruised, covered in blood. Bhima hurled his mace, fracturing Duryodhana's thighs, and he fell, causing the earth to echo with his fall."	59 Sanjaya said, "The Pandavas rejoiced greatly seeing Duryodhana fallen like a giant Sala tree uprooted by the tempest. Bhimasena, filled with wrath, approached him and said, 'Thou hadst insulted Draupadi, now bear the fruit of that insult! We shall now dance at thee, uttering the same words, "Cow, Cow!"' He touched Duryodhana's head with his left foot and said, 'We have no guile, no fire, no match at dice, no deception! We resist and check our foes depending on our arms!' Bhimasena then addressed Yudhishthira and others, 'Those who dragged Draupadi into the assembly and disrobed her have been slain by us! They who called us "Sesame seeds without kernel" have all been slain by us with their relatives and followers!' Many Somakas did not approve of Bhimasena's act of touching Duryodhana's head with his foot. Yudhishthira said, 'Thou hast paid off thy hostility and accomplished thy vow! Cease now, O Bhima! Do not crush his head with thy foot! He is a king and our kinsman! He deserves not to be insulted, for remember that he is a king. He is ruined. His friends and kinsmen have been slain. His troops have been exterminated. He has been struck down in battle. He is to be pitied in every respect.' Yudhishthira then approached Duryodhana and said, 'Thou shouldst not grieve, for this result is due to thy own acts. We shall have to drag on a miserable existence, reft of our dear friends and kinsmen. Alas, how shall I behold the widows, overwhelmed with grief and deprived of their senses by sorrow, of my brothers and sons and grandsons!' 60 Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya about Baladeva's reaction to Duryodhana's unfair strike. Sanjaya said Baladeva was enraged, raising his arms and lamenting the blow below the navel, against the rules of mace combat. He rushed towards Bhima, his plough uplifted, but was seized by Krishna, who calmed him, citing the Pandavas as their friends and the fulfillment of Bhima's vow. Baladeva argued that morality was afflicted by Bhima's actions, but Krishna persuaded him to calm down, reminding him of their relationship with the Pandavas and the need to prioritize harmony. Baladeva then praised the righteous Duryodhana, saying he had obtained eternal blessedness, and departed for Dwaraka. The Pandavas became cheerless, and Vasudeva approached Yudhishthira, who was melancholy and anxious. Vasudeva asked why Yudhishthira permitted Bhima to touch Duryodhana's head with his foot, citing morality and the unfair nature of the act. Yudhishthira replied that he was not glad about the act, but reflected on the past cruelties and let Bhima gratify his desire. He also mentioned that they had been deceived and exiled by the sons of Dhritarashtra, and that Bhima's actions were a result of his wrath. Vasudeva approved Bhima's actions, and Bhima, filled with joy, saluted Yudhishthira and celebrated their victory, saying the earth was now theirs, free from thorns and disturbances.
61 Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya about the Pandavas' reaction to Duryodhana's fall. Sanjaya said they were overjoyed, waving their upper garments and uttering leonine roars. Bhima was praised for his extraordinary feat, compared to Indra's slaying of Vritra. The warriors celebrated, stretching their bows, drawing their bowstrings, and blowing their conchs. Krishna, however, cautioned against cruel speeches, saying Duryodhana was already slain and unable to respond. Duryodhana, with difficulty, sat up and cast angry glances at Krishna, accusing him of unfair means and causing the death of many kings. He listed the various instances of deceit and unfair tactics employed by Krishna, including the slaying of Bhishma, Drona, and Karna. Krishna replied that Duryodhana's own sinful path led to his downfall and that of his allies. He reminded Duryodhana of his past misdeeds, including the poisoning of Bhima and the attempt to burn the Pandavas in the palace of lac. Duryodhana boasted of his accomplishments and prosperity, saying he was fortunate to have died in battle. As he finished speaking, a shower of fragrant flowers fell from the sky, and Gandharvas played musical instruments. The Pandavas became ashamed, realizing their victory was not entirely fair. Krishna consoled them, saying that deceitful means were necessary to defeat their formidable foes. The Pandavas and Pancalas roared with delight, blew their conchs, and celebrated their victory. 62 Sanjaya vividly described the Pandavas' victory celebration, saying they joyfully proceeded to their encampment, blowing conchs and filled with delight. Yuyutsu, Satyaki, Dhrishtadyumna, Shikhandi, and Draupadi's sons followed, their faces beaming with joy. The Pandavas entered Duryodhana's tent, now empty and still, a stark contrast to its former grandeur. Krishna directed Arjuna to dismount and unstring his bow, and as he did, the celestial ape on Arjuna's car vanished, and the car was consumed by fire, leaving only ashes. Arjuna wondered why and Krishna explained that the car had been destroyed by weapons, but his presence had held it together. Krishna embraced Yudhishthira, congratulating him on their victory and escape from the battle. Yudhishthira credited Krishna's protection for their success, saying no one else could have withstood the brahmastras hurled by Drona and Karna. He praised Krishna's grace and valor, saying it was through his blessings that they had emerged victorious. The Pandavas obtained the military chest and wealth, and after a brief rest, Vasudeva suggested they spend the night outside the camp for auspicious reasons. They went to the banks of the Oghavati river and sent Vasudeva to Hastinapura to comfort Gandhari, who had lost all her sons in the war.	63 Janamejaya asked why Yudhishthira sent Krishna to Gandhari after the battle. Vaishampayana explained that Yudhishthira feared Gandhari's wrath, knowing she had the power to reduce them to ashes with her ascetic merit. He was filled with fear and grief, thinking of her son Duryodhana's unfair slaughter. Yudhishthira asked Krishna to comfort Gandhari before his own arrival, knowing Krishna's words would be fraught with reasons and visible instances. He praised Krishna's aid in the battle, saying he had lent his aid like a protector, and asked him to pacify Gandhari. Krishna agreed and went to Hastinapura, where he met with Dhritarashtra, Gandhari, and Vyasa. He consoled them, acknowledging their grief and explaining that the outcome was due to their own actions. He reminded Gandhari of her words in the assembly, "Thither is victory where righteousness is," and told her not to set her heart on sorrow. He warned them not to harbor ill feelings towards the Pandavas and informed them that the Pandavas were now their only refuge. After comforting them, Krishna departed, having successfully achieved his mission. He returned to the Pandavas and told them everything, then took his seat with them. 64 Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya to describe Duryodhana's final words after being defeated by Bhimasena. Duryodhana lamented his fate, saying he had been struck down unfairly and that Time was irresistible. He remembered his past glories and the great warriors who had fought on his side, including Bhishma, Karna, and Drona. He instructed Sanjaya to tell his parents that he had performed sacrifices, governed the earth, and made progress through hostile kingdoms. He had honored his kinsmen and attended to the three ends of human existence: religion, profit, and pleasure. Duryodhana considered himself fortunate, having died in battle and not been vanquished or forced to serve his foes. He warned Ashvatthama, Kritavarma, and Kripa not to trust the Pandavas, who had perpetrated many unrighteous acts. Duryodhana then spoke of his own death, saying he would follow in the wake of Drona, Karna, and others who had gone to heaven. He lamented the fate of his sister, his father, and his family, and predicted that Charvaka would avenge his death. He also thought of his son, Lakshmana, and his mother, who would now be without a son and a husband. With that, the king's message-bearers fled in all directions, and the earth trembled violently, producing a loud noise. The points of the compass became murky, and all the mobile and immobile creatures of the earth were afflicted with grief.	65 Sanjaya described the poignant scene to Dhritarashtra: Ashvatthama, Kripa, and Kritavarma found Duryodhana lying on the ground, covered in blood and dust, his once-majestic form now reduced to a mere shadow of its former self. They were shocked and grief-stricken, seeing the once-mighty king, who had ruled over the entire earth, now brought low by the cruel hand of fate. Ashvatthama lamented, "Thou, who hadst laid thy commands on the whole Earth, now liest on the bare ground, like a tree uprooted by a storm! Where are thy brothers, friends, and army, who once thronged around thee like stars in the firmament?" He wondered how Time, the great leveller, had brought about this reversal of fortunes, and how the wheel of destiny had turned against the once-invincible king. Duryodhana, with tearful eyes and a voice trembling with emotion, replied, "Death comes to all beings, and I have been slain in battle, but I am content that I did not turn back or show cowardice. I have obtained many eternal regions, and my fate is not a matter of sorrow." He consoled Ashvatthama, saying, "Do not grieve for my death, dear friend. Ye have done what ye should have done. I am grateful for your loyalty and love." Ashvatthama, still grief-stricken and angry, vowed to avenge Duryodhana's death and kill the Pandavas, who had brought about this calamity. Duryodhana, with his last breath, installed Ashvatthama as generalissimo and blessed him, saying, "May you fulfill your vow and bring glory to our noble lineage." With leonine roars, Ashvatthama departed, leaving Duryodhana to spend his final night on the battlefield, surrounded by the ghosts of his past and the shadows of his former glory. 66 Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya about the aftermath of Duryodhana's death and the Pandavas' actions. Sanjaya described the Pandavas' grief and mourning for their fallen kinsmen. They performed the last rites for the deceased, including Duryodhana, and offered water and oblations to their souls. The battlefield was filled with the cries of women mourning their lost husbands, fathers, and brothers. The Pandavas, filled with sorrow, consoled the widows and relatives of the deceased, promising to protect and support them. Yudhishthira, reflecting on the heavy cost of the war, expressed his desire to renounce the kingdom and become a hermit. Krishna and the other Pandavas persuaded him to stay and fulfill his duties as king, reminding him of the sacrifices made by their allies and the need to rebuild the kingdom. They returned to Hastinapura, where Yudhishthira was crowned king with great ceremony. The Pandavas ruled justly and wisely, bringing peace and prosperity to the land, but they never forgot the lessons and losses of the great war.