P 1 Coming of Aeneus into Italy & His Acheivements there 3.2 |
1 2 Reign of Ascanius in Alba & other Silvian Kings 2.2 0. |
2 3 Romulus & Remus Born 1.3 0. |
3 4 Ascaneus founds Alba Longa 2 0. |
4 5 Romulus & Remus 1.6 0 |
5 6 Amulius Killed 1.6 0. |
6 7 Romulus Builds Rome 1.2 0. |
7 8 Romulus Kills Remus & Rome founded 3.4 0. |
8 9 Augurs & Patricians 1.6 0. |
9 10 Builds Senate 2.9 0. |
10 Makes War Upon Sabines, Presents Opus Spolia to Jupiter Feretrius 1.7 0. |
11 12 Antemnites invade. Sabines made Romans. Crustemnae conquered. Treachurous girl killed by sheilds. 1.5 0. |
12 13 Sabines vs Romans in Rome 2 0. |
13 14 Divides People into Curiae 1.7 0. |
14 15 His Victories 2.1 0. |
15 16 Veii invades Rome & Romulus wastes Veii's land & takes some. Beginning of 40 yrs peace. Seleres bodyguards 1.6 0. |
16 17 Romulus dissapears is storm. Proclaimed god. Romulus ressurects & tells Senator that Rome will be Capital of world. 1.6 0. |
17 18 Interegnum of 100 Senator for year. People chosen to elect King 2 0. |
18 19 Numa Pompilius elected King. Institutes Rights of Religious Worship 2 0. |
19 20 Builds Temple to Janus & Closes it for first Time 1.7 0. |
20 21 Preists appointed. Vestal Virgins. Pontiff & Sacrifices. Temple of Jupiter. 1.7 0. |
21 22 Enjoys Peaceful Reign & Succeeded by Tulius Hostilius 1.4 0. |
22 23 2nd Interegnum, Tullius Hostilius elected King. Border dispute with Alba Longa1.4 0. |
23 24 Rome & Alba Longa decide to unite with battle between heros. 2.5 0. |
24 25 Treaty of Unification between Rome & Alba Longa 2 0. |
25 26 Horatiae vs Curatiae triplets 2.6 0. |
26 27 Horatius kills sister & is pardoned by father so he could have child 3 0. |
27 28 Rome Vs Alba Longa 2.4 0. |
28 29 Alba Demolished 2.6 0. |
29 30 Albans Made Citizens of Rome 1.4 0. |
30 31 War Declared Against Sabines 1.8 0. |
31 32 Tullus Killed by Lightning 1.9 0. |
32 33 Ancus Marcus Renews Religious Institutions of Numa 3.6 0. |
33 34 Conquers Latins, Confers on right of citizenship & assigns Avantine Hill to dwell on, Adds Jaeniculum Hill to City, Enlarges bounds of Empire 1.9 0. |
34 35 In his Reign Lucumo comes to Rome & assumes name of Tarquinius 2.6 0. |
35 36 after death of Ancus is raised to throne, & increases senate by adding 100 new senators 2.1 0. |
36 37 Defeats Latins & sabines, Augments centuries of Knights 1.6 0. |
37 38 Rome defeats Sabines at Anio River. 1.4 0. |
38 39 Builds Wall Around City 1.3 0. |
39 40 Servius Tullius' head burns in sleep & is prepared for Kinghood. 1.7 0. |
40 41 Slain by Sons of Ancus after reign of 38 years & succeeded by serves tulles 1.6 0. |
41 42 Servius Tullius becomes 1st non elected King. 1.8 0. |
42 43 Servius married daughters to Princes. Defeat Vientes. 1st Census. 1.1 1.1 0. |
43 44 Five Classes Created. 2.4 0. |
44 45 Closed Lustrum whee 80,000 citizens were enrolled, Divides people into classes & centuries, Enlarges Pomuerium & adds Quirinal, Viminal, & Esquiline Hilles to City. 1.3 0. |
45 46 Giant Sacred Cow sacrified. 1.8 0. |
46 47 Prince & Princess couples switch sides. 2.2 0. |
47 48 Lucius Tarquin & Tarquinia plan to usurp Kingship from Servius. 2.6 0. |
48 49 After Reign of 40 Years Servius Murdered Son in Law & Daughter. 2.1 0. |
49 50 Lucius Tarquin afterwards named Supurbus Usurps Crown 1.5 0. |
50 51 Tarquins & Turnus negociate 1.8 0. |
51 52 Turnus thrown in Fountain of Ferentina weighted w/ stones 1.9 0. |
52 53 Rome made Capital of 30 Latin townsin Grove of Ferentina 1.2 0. |
53 54 builds Temple to Jupiter Capitalinus, By his stratagem of his Son Sextus Tarquin He Reduces City of Gabii, Tarquin Makes war on Vulcae & with Plunder 2 0. |
54 55 Gabii Revolt quelled by killing leaders 2 0. |
55 56 Terminus boundary, Temple of Jupiter 1.6 0. |
56 57 Cloaca Maxima Sewer 2.6 0. |
57 58 Lucretia proven to be most hard working woman 1.8 0. |
58 59 Lucretia raped by Prince Sextus then plunges dagger in her belly to protect her honor 2.1 0. |
59 60 Tarqui dethroned after 25 year reign & banished 2.6 0. |
60 61 Lucius Brutus & Lucius Colotinus First Consules .8 0. |
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1 62 509 Augment population. Set new Rules. One Consul gets Fasces. Senate increased back to 300, including Plebians. 2 0. |
2 63 Brutus binds people by oath never to suffer King at Rome. 2.4 0. |
3 64 Spoiled rich youth object to new Egalitarian Laws & defect to Tarquins. 1.3 0. |
4 65 Brutus' sons Titus & Tiberius exposed for plot with Tarquins. 1.3 0. |
5 66 Brutus beheads some young noblemen including his & his sisters sons for conspiracy to receive kings into city. 2.1 0. |
6 67 In War against Vientiane & Tarquinincians he engages in single combat with Arons son of Tarquin proud & they kill each other 2.2 0. |
7 68 Women mourn for him whole year 2.4 0. |
8 69 Capital Dedicated 1.5 0. |
9 70 Porcine King os Clusium undertakes war in favor of Tarquins 1.5 0. |
10 71 Bravery of Horatius cocles & Mucius 2.3 0. |
11 72 Porsena Etruscan unsuccessfully Beseiges Rome. 1.7 0. |
12 73 C. Mucius enters Etruscan camp, slays Secretary & burns hand. Wet free & warns of 300 assasins. 3 0. |
13 74 Porcena concludes peace on receipt of hostages, Conduct of Cloelia 1.9 0. |
14 75 Selling goods of King Porsena. Tuscan quarter added for Etruscan defectors. 1.6 0. |
15 76 Sp. Lartius & T. Herminius consuls. Porsena maked last attempt to restore Tarquins with embassy & returns land. 1.5 0. |
16 77 16 77 1.7 Appius Claudius Removes from country of Sabines for Rome, Claudian Tribe added 1.7 0. |
17 78 Opiter Verginius & Sp. Cassius Consuls defeat Auruncans, kill leaders & made people slaves. 1 0. |
18 79 Postumius Cominius & T. Lartius Consuls. Sabines carry off women at games & made riot. 1st Dictator vs Sabines to neutralize Consuls. 1.9 0. |
19 80 Ser. Sulpicius & Manlius Tullius Consuls. Crustumeria captured; Praeneste revolted from Latins to Rome 1.4 0. |
20 81 Battle of Lake Regillus Dictator Aulus Postumius defeats Tarquin Proud & Latins. 1.9 0. |
21 82 Tribes increased to 21 1.1 0. |
22 83 Volscians invaded for aligning with Latins & give 300 noble hostage children. Latins expose Volscians & Hernicans preparations for war so Rome returns 6,000 slaves. 1.5 0. |
23 84 Mangy Centurion tells story of losing farm & starts riot. 3 0. |
24 85 Volscians attack but Plebs don't want to fight without getting paid first, so edict of protection for men in army. 1.8 0. |
25 86 Suessa Pometia Captured & Land taken from Volscians. 1.2 0. |
26 87 One day Sabine War. One battle Auruncan War. 1.1 0. |
27 88 People forced to pay post war debts but people rebel. Temple of Mercury. 2.9 0. |
28 89 A. Verginius & T. Vetusius Consuls. Nobody wanted to join army. Young senators tried to kick out Consuls. 1.8 0. |
29 90 levy causes Lictor to be atacked for attempting to arrest war obstainer. 2.2 0. |
30 91 M. Valerius Dictator. 10 Legions largest army yet vs Aequi incursions. Chase them back to Velitrae. 2.6 0. |
31 92 Abliges Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus to Resign Censorship & leave State 2.3 0. |
32 93 Succession of commons to sacred mount, Brought back by menenius agripa 2.3 0. |
33 94 Five Tribunes of People Created, Coriolae taken by Caius Marcius, named Coriolanus, Banishment & Conduct of Caius Marcius Coriolanus 2.2 0. |
34 95 T. Geganius & P. Minucius Consuls. 2.5 0. |
35 96 Plebians cheated out of food & sustenance, so Senators are prescribe & escape. 1.9 0. |
36 97 Great Games planned to be reinstated to keep peace with Plebians. 1.5 0. |
37 98 Great Games. Volscians ordered to leave city during games because their army will attack. 1.5 0. |
38 99 Volscian Romans protest at Ferentine Fountain but are ejected anyways. 1.5 0. |
39 100 Attius Tullius & Cn. Marcius Generals. Volscians take Cerceii, took Satricum, Longula, Polusca, & Corioli, Lavinium, Corbio, Vetellia, Trebium Labici, & Pedum. Camp at Cluilian Dykes. 1.8 0. |
40 101 mother of Coriolanus, & Volumnia his wife. 2.8 0. |
41 102 Sp. Cassius & Proculus Verginius Consuls. Agrarian Law. quaestors Caeso Fabius & L. Valerius convicted of treason & house demolished. 2.2 0. |
42 103 485 Spurius Cassius Condemned & put to Death, 483 Oppia Vestal Virgin Buried Alive for Incontinence 2 0. |
43 104 Q. Fabius & C. Julius. army was raised for 2 wars at same time, one against Veientines under Fabius, other against Aequi under Furius. 1.9 0. |
44 105 Campaign against Veii. One State had been severed into two, each with its own magistrates & its own laws. 2.2 0. |
45 106 Veientines & Etruscans taunt Romans at gate. 3.1 0. |
46 107 Veientines & Etruscans Vs Romans. Fabii Heros. 1.5 0. |
47 108 Romans victorious & Triumph but 2 Fabii die. Fabii become popular. 2.6 0. |
48 109 Consuls Caeso Fabius & Titus Verginius. Inroads of Aequi, so Caeso pushes them behind walls. Fabii allowed to fight Aequi alone to save Rome money. 2.1 0. |
49 110 L. Aemilius & C. Servilius were next consuls. 300 Fabii garrison at Cremera. Attacked but fight Veientines back to Saxa Rubra. 2.2 0. |
50 111 Fabian Family undertook to carry on that war at their own expense against Veincians & send 306 men in arms who are all cut off 2.1 0. |
51 112 C. Horatius & T. Menenius consuls. Fought Bolsci to gates. A. Verginius & Sp. Servilius Colsuls. Fighting to Janiculum until Rome wins. 1.5 0. |
52 113 Corn was brought from Campania. 2000 "ase fine to T. Menenius for losing fort at Cremera, & he dies of grief. 1.8 0. |
53 114 Rome attacks Veientines & Sabines again. Fight off Volscians who make inroads but won't fight regular battle. 1.3 0. |
54 115 L. Furius & C. Manlius consuls. Veientines bloodlessly fell to Manlius as his province so tribune Genucius employs Agrarian Law to impeach them but he is found dead in house on day of trial & Tribunal power is attacked so Plebs drop charge. 2.2 0. |
55 116 Plebs angrier at tribunal silence than consular authority. Strong Volero drives off Lictors & Consuls to Senate House where they become angry w/ Plebs. 1.9 0. |
56 117 Lucius Pinarius & P. Furius Consuls. After much arguing magistrates of plebs to be elected by Tribal Assembly. 2.8 0. |
57 118 3 new Tribunes for Plebs. Now 5: Cn. Siccius, L. Numitorius, M. Duellius, Sp. Icilius, & L. Mecilius. 1.1 0. |
58 119 Wars of Volcians, Aequi & Viencians, Contests of Fathers with Commons 1.3 0. |
59 120 Apius Claudius console decimates his army because he was unsuccessful with Veiancians by they refusing to obey orders 2.2 0. |
60 121 War on Aequi. Assembly of Tribes proves benefecial to army. .9 0. |
61 122 L. Valerius & T. Aemilius consuls. struggle between 2 orders over Agrarian Law. Appius Claudius impeached by Tribunes of Plebs for opossing Law. Dies before Trial & treated like Hero instead of criminal. 1.6 0. |
62 123 Valerius attacks Aequi. Aemilius attacks Sabines who hide behind walls so Romans destroy their farms. .7 0. |
63 124 T. Numicius Priscus & A. Verginius consuls. Agrarian Law 1st Made. Numicius fights Volscians to Antium. Verginius fights Aequi. Sabines beat Romans back to gates. 1 0. |
64 125 T. Quinctius & Q. Servilius were elected consuls. Plebs refuse to participate in elextion of Consuls. Attack Hernicans & Volscians. 2 0. |
65 126 Fight Volscians w/ Javelins. Defeat them by destroying their camp. 1.6 0. |
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1 127 Titus Aemilius & Quinctius Fabius consuls. Disturbances about Agrarian Laws 1.4 0. |
2 128 Q. Servilius & Sp. Postumius Consuls. Attak Aequi 2.3 0. |
3 129 Q. Servilius City Prefect 1 .5 0. |
4 130 A. Postumius Albus & Sp. Furius Fusus Consuls. Ecetra revolt to Aequi. Antium supplis "subitary" troops. 1.9 0. |
5 131 Numerous maneuvers & skirmishes. L. Valerius guards City, consul Postumius repels frontier raids. 5800 Romans, 2400 Antiates, Quinctius kills 4230. 3 0. |
6 132 L. Aebutius & P. Servilius consuls. pestilence in City & Farms due to crowding in City from raids by Aequi & Volscians who kill Consuls in Battle. Barely enough Senators to defend City. 2 0. |
7 133 Latins come to defend Rome but Volscians had left. Recovery from Pestilence. 1.6 0. |
8 134 Missing 0 0. |
9 135 Gaius Terentilius Harsa tribune of plebs. Tribunes Vs Terentilius 2.5 0. |
10 136 Lucretius returns much booty. Sibylline Books tell duumviri to beware of aliens & attempts on highest points of City. 2.7 0. |
11 137 Tribunes levy on other end of forum from Consules. Tribune Aulus Verginius impeaches Caeso on capital charge. 2.3 0. |
12 138 Trial of Caeso. 1.6 0. |
13 139 13 139 1.9 1.9 0. |
14 140 14 140 1.2 1.2 0. |
15 141 15 141 1.8 Capital Surprised by Exiles & Slaves 1.8 0. |
16 142 16 142 1.2 1.2 0. |
17 143 17 143 2.6 2.6 0. |
18 144 18 144 2 2 0. |
19 145 19 145 3.1 Quintius Cincinnatus pulled from cultivation of his farm to in Country made dictator & appointed to conduct war against aquans & makes them pass under Yoke 3.1 0. |
20 146 Augurs decide at Lake Regillus that commonwealth needs Dictator1.7 0. |
21 147 Plebs loudly appeal for help, 1st to consuls, then senators. C. Claudius prevents L. Quinctius from being Consul. 1.7 0. |
22 148 Q. Fabius Vibulanus, for third time, & L. Cornelius Maluginensis. Attack Antium. 1.8 0. |
23 149 Recapture Tusculumin citadel. Aequi Camp attacked. Antium revolts. 1.5 0. |
24 150 A. Cornelius & Q. Servilius, quaestors, indicted M. Volscius on false evidence against Caeso. 117,319. citizens. 1.9 0. |
25 151 L. Minucius & C. Nautius Consules. Obstructed Law, tribunes obstructed trial of Volscius. Aequi invade Labici & Tusculum. Gracchus Cloelius puts camp at Mt. Algidus. 1.6 0. |
26 152 Sabines ruin fields & come almost to wall of city. 2 Armis levied. Nautius led army to defeat Sabines. Minucius got his army beseiged, so they elected Cincinnatus Dictator. 2.3 0. |
27 153 Dictator names L. Tarquitius Master of Horse. Reached Algidus at midnight. 1.2 0. |
28 154 Made sorties from their outposts all night until Quinctius' army defeats Aequi. 2.1 0. |
29 155 Romans loot Aequian camp. Cincinnatus resigns on 16th day of 6 month dictatorship. Wolves pursued by dogs in Capitol needing purification. 1.8 0. |
30 156 Quintus Minucius & C. Horatius Pulvillus. Tribunes increased to 10 after 36 years. Loss of garrison at Corbio in night attack of Aequi who capture Ortona & they lose to Horatius at Algidus. Rome retakes Ortona & Corbio which is destroyed for betwaying doomed garrison. 1.4 0. |
31 157 M. Valerius & Sp. Vergilius consuls. Peace. Excesive rain causes scarcity. Aventine added. Enemy emcamped at Algidus like usual & 7000 of them killed, rest run & immense booty taken. Spurius Tarpeius & A. Aeternius consuls. Both impeached by C. Calvius Cicero, plebeian tribune, & Veturius by L. Alienus, plebeian aedile, & fined: Romilius fined 10,000 ases & Veturius 15,000. Stuck on law so sent Spurius Postumius Albus, A. Manlius, P. Sulpicius Camerinus to Athens with instructions to make copy of famous laws of Solon, & to investigate institutions, customs, & laws of other Greek States.1.9 0. |
32 158 P. Curiatius & Sextus Quinctilius Consuls. No war next 2 years. C. Menenius & P. Sestius Capitolinus Consuls. commissioners return from Athens & Decemvirs created w/ no appeal on condition Icilian Law about Aventine & other sacred laws not be repealed.. 1.2 0. |
33 159 Decemvirs appointed for purpose of digesting & publishing of laws. 1st Governmental Form change in 301 years. 1.8 0. |
34 160 Ten Tables of Laws for year then 2 more tables 1.4 0. |
35 161 M. Cornelius Maluginensis, M. Sergius, L. Minucius, Q. Fabius Vibulanus, Q. Poetilius, T. Antonius Merenda, K. Duillius, Sp. Oppius Cornicen, & Manlius Rabuleius elected Decemvirs. 1.9 0. |
36 162 Refusing to leave, Decemvirs retain office for third year. First equatable & just, after arbitrary & Tyrannical. 2.1 0. |
37 163 New laws passed by Comitia Centuriata which allow rich to trample on poor. 1.4 0. |
38 164 Decemvirs refuse to leave office on 3rd year angering people. Aequi invade on 2 fronts. 3 0. |
39 165 L. Valerius Potitus & Marcus Horatius Barbatus called decemvirs "ten Tarquins," 1.9 0. |
40 166 Decide for impending wars decemvirs should lead armies in whatever direction each thought best, & nothing else should take precedence. 2.6 0. |
41 167 Valerius L. Cornelius& Vs Q. Fabius & Appius Claudius on Decimvirs. Sabine War. 2.1 0. |
42 168 Both Armies routed by Sabines. Rome prepared for attack. 1.2 0. |
43 169 Siccius Reportedly falls into ambush & killed by enemy but really by own men. 1.2 0. |
44 170 Appius attempts to abduct Pleb Verginia as sex slave. 2.4 0. |
45 171 Verginia's grandfather P. Numitorius protects her from Appius. 1.8 0. |
46 172 Verginia bailed on security of relatives. 2 0. |
47 173 Verginius appeals to people to help him protet his daughter Verginia from Appius who maintains she is slave. 1.7 0. |
48 174 Verginius goes to temple of Venus Cloacina & stabs daughter to death to incite revolt against Appius. 1.8 0. |
49 175 Riot in Forum concerning Appius. 1.4 0. |
50 176 Commons beseig Aventine Hill & force Decemvires to resign. 3.1 0. |
51 177 Verginius made 10 Tribunes of Solderis on Aventine not including him to lead. Icilius & Numitorius made another army with 10 Triubes & they met 2 0. |
52 178 M. Duillius leads Plebs to Sacred Mount. 1.8 0. |
53 179 Valerius & Horatius go to Plebs & tell them they can have their power back. 1.6 0. |
54 180 Decemvirs resign without punishment. Pontifex Maximus holds elections for 10 Tribunes in Flaminian Meadows, now called Circus Flaminius. 2.3 0. |
55 181 L. Valerius & M. Horatius elected Consuls under Interrex. Make magistrates of Plebs sacrosanct, making anyone who hurts them loses everything & works in temple of Ceres, Liber. 2.4 0. |
56 182 Trial of Appius Claudius. He appeals even though he had taken away power of appeal. He said he was innocent because his laws are still in use. 2.8 0. |
57 183 Appius arrested. Latins & Hernicans offer to Jupiter Optimus Maximus & warn of Aequi & Volscians preparing for war. 12 Tables, 1st Roman Constitution. 2 0. |
58 184 Appius & Oppius thrown into prison & commit suicide, Rest go into Exile to Tibur. 2.4 0. |
59 185 M. Duillius made sure more Patricians weren't persecuted. 1 0. |
60 186 Valerius battles rampaging Aequi & Volscians. 1.9 0. |
61 187 Battle of Algidus with Sabines, Volcans & Aqiuans 2.3 0. |
62 188 Battle of Algidus. Sabines attacked w/ 2000 reserves but are repulsed by 600 Cavalry who were better than enemy even on foot. 1.8 0. |
63 189 Battle of Algidus. Consuls adjourned senate at Campus Martius, but were distracted by training troops so they moved to Flaminian Meadows, where temple of Apollo - then called Apollinare - now stands. 1st Triumph by order or people. 2.3 0. |
64 190 Tribunes made conspiracy to keep office. Duillius elects only 5 Tribunes who need to elect 10 Tribunes of Plebs then resigns. 2.2 0. |
65 191 Spurius Herminius & T. Verginius Caelimontanus Consuls. L. Trebonius, tribune of plebs gets nickname Cantankerous for worrying Patricians. 1.8 0. |
66 192 T. Quinctius Capitolinus 4th time & Agrippa Furius Consuls. Aequi & Volscians plunder to walls of Rome. 1 0. |
67 193 Consul Quinctius speaks to assembly about peace between orders & arming against Aequi & Volscian attacks. 2.5 0. |
68 194 Speech continued about need to retain order in society. 2 years since levy raised. 2.9 0. |
69 195 Men stirred to join army to fight Aequi & Volscians. few cohorts of veterans build garrison at Corbio. 2.1 0. |
70 196 Agrippa relinquishes power to consular brother to defeat Volcians w/ cavalry. 2.8 0. |
71 197 Unfair Decision of Roman people who judge land of Ardea & Aricia 1.6 0. |
72 198 Scaptius convinces people to apply reparations to people of Aricia & Ardea. 1.4 0. |
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1 199 Patrician & Plebeian Intermarriage 1.3 0. |
2 200 Military Tribunes with Consular Power 3.1 0. |
3 201 Canuleius's speech for Plebian Consuls. 2.9 0. |
4 202 Speaks for intermarraige between classes. 2.6 0. |
5 203 Says nobody fights for domineering masters who live separately. 1.4 0. |
6 204 Intermarraige passes. C. Claudius wants to empower consuls to use force against tribunes. Quinctii, Cincinnatus & Capitolinus averse from injury to those who agreed to treaty. & plebeians indiscriminately. Where in these days will you find in single individual moderation, fairness, & loftiness of mind which then characterised people as whole? 2.3 0. |
7 205 310th year of City 1st military tribunes with consular powers elected from Patricians. Aulus Sempronius Atratinus, L. Atilius, & T. Caecilius. Interegnum of several days. Treaty of Ardea renewed. 2.3 0. |
8 206 M. Geganius Macerinus 2ndx & T. Quinctius Capitolinus 5thx. Censors Created to superintend registrars & have custody of lists & assessment schedules & fix valuation of property & status of citizens. 1.5 0. |
9 207 Ambassadors from Ardea due to party struggles. 2 men from different classes wanted same girl & turned into riot Patricians vs Plebians. Volscians under Cluilius beseiged Ardea for Plebians. Consul M. Geganius set camp 3 miles from Ardea, beseiged Volcians & built supply chain into Ardea. 2.4 0. |
10 208 Volscians forced under yoke & leave w/ only shirts, attacked on way home. Roman General praised for leniency w/ Volcians. 1.9 0. |
11 209 Restoration of Lands Unjustly Taken from People of Ardea 1.2 0. |
12 210 C. Furius Pacilus & M. Papirius Crassus were consuls. Famine blamed on Plebian idleness. Prefect of Corn-market L. Minucius traveled by land & sea to get month supply of corn. Starving plebs muffled heads & jumped into Tiber. 1.9 0. |
13 211 Spurius Maelius suspected of aiming at regal power slain by caius servilius ahala by order of Dictator. Quintius Cincinnatus. Caius Servilius Ahala appointed Master of Horse. 2.8 0. |
14 212 80 year old Dictator Cincinnatus sent Servilius to get Maelius to answer for his crime, but he ran & emplored plebs to protect him so Servilius overtook him & slew him & was praised by Dictator for forestalling riot. 1.2 0. |
15 213 Dictator called assembly & explaided Maelius killed lawfully to protect against Tyranny. 1.8 0. |
16 214 Maelius' house razed & turned into "Aequimaelium" as monument to Tyranny. 3 new Military Tribunes with consular power. 1.5 0. |
17 215 M. Geganius Macerinus as consul 3rdX. Fidenae revolted to Lars Tolomnius of Veinentines. Emvoys C. Fulcinius, Cloelius Tullus, Sp. Antius, & L. Roscius murdered so Mamercus Aemilius made Dictator, Master of Horse is L. Quinctius Cincinnatus, worthy of father. Quinctius Capitolinus & M. Fabius Vibulanus generals. Drove Fidenaecians over Anio & entrenched in hills between Anio & Fidenae. Etrucians camp outside Fidenae. Falerii come to aide Rome & made lines from Anio to Tiber. 2.1 0. |
18 216 Rome vs Veii at Fidenae. 1.3 0. |
19 217 Cornelius Cossus having killed Tulumnius King of vientes offers second spolio opima 1.6 0. |
20 218 Dictator Triumphs. Spoils dedicated to Jupiter Feretrius. Linen Rolls of battle lost. Pestilence & famime for 3 years before & after. 2.2 0. |
21 219 M. Cornelius Maluginensis & L. Papirius Crassus consuls. Rob Veientin & Faliscan cattle as natives run behind walls. Epidemic. Earthquakes. Fidenates & Veientines camp outside Colline gate so Q. Servilius Dictator & Postumius Aebutius Helva as Master of Horse. 1.6 0. |
22 220 Muter outide gate at daybreak. Every man strong enough to bear arms was present. Battle near Nomentum & Fidenites retreat beyond strong wall with plenty of corn so they undermined & took city. censors C. Furius Pacilus & M. Geganius Macerinus build government building on Campus Martius. 1st census of people. 1.3 0. |
23 221 Julius 3rdX & Verginius 2ndX Consuls. Etrurians have national council of 12 at temple of Voltumna concerning fall of Fidenae. Mamercus Aemilius Dictator , A. Postumius Tubertus Master of Horse. Prepare to fight all Etruria. 1 0. |
24 222 Censorship originally five years is limited to year & half 1.9 0. |
25 223 Fidenae reduced & colony settled there. 2.4 0. |
26 224 T. Quinctius Cincinnatus son of Lucius & Gnaeus Julius Mento Consuls. Volscians & Aequi rise up. T. Quinctius nominates A. Postumius Tubertus, his father-in-law Dictator who names L. Julius Master of Horse. Business suspended in city & everybody drafted. 2.4 0. |
27 225 4 entrenched armies. Pontifex Maximus declares Great Games celebrated if victorious. Romans capture enemy camp at night. 2.2 0. |
28 226 Fabius' cavalry hemmed in & thigh almost pinned to his horse. Dictator wounded in shoulder, Consuls arm cut off. Postumius' skull fractured by stone only to leave field. 1.5 0. |
29 227 Romans storm camp. Standard thrown into stockade to motivate troops. Booty returned to Latins & Hernicans, rest sold "under spear". Carthaginians send army to Sicily for 1st time. 1.7 0. |
30 228 Caius Servilius Ahala & L. Papirius Mugilanus were Consuls. Colonists destroyed by Fidenacians. Drought. Battles with Veientines at Nomentum & Fidenae. Truce made but violated. fetials turned away. People vote unanimously for war. Plebs prevent election of consuls. 2.5 0. |
31 229 Veientines conquered by Marcus Emilius Dictator 6thX, Postumius Military Tribune slain by army for cruelties 1.4 0. |
32 230 Roman army camps in front of Colline gate. Operations against Volcians, Fidinacians & Faliscians. Mamercus Aemiliu Dictator camps 1.5 miles from Fidenae. 2.5 0. |
33 231 When Romans reach gates, Fidenacians exit gates with torches. Romans removed bits from horses & let them run blind through smoke killing everybody. Only few of best Veintian swimmers crossed river in retreat. 2.3 0. |
34 232 Sacked & slaughtered Fidenae. Each soldier got slave. Small naval engagement. 1.2 0. |
35 233 Consular tribunes for 1st time A. Sempronius Atratinus, L. Quinctius Cincinnatus, L. Furius Medullinus, & L. Horatius Barbatus. 18 year truce to Veientines, 3 years to Aequi. Great Games to commemorate war 7 years before. After games tribunes of plebs harangued against consular tribunes for not opening office to plebs & called people cowards. 2.1 0. |
36 234 Soldiers paid from tax from farmers on public land. Appius Claudius, decemvir’s son guardian of city as consular tribunes to to Hernician territory to see if Volsicans are plundering. .9 0. |
37 235 Sempronius Atratinus & Q. Fabius Vibulanus Consules. Samnites capture Etruscan city Volturnus (Capua). C. Sempronius overextends his army & is defeated by Samnites. 2 0. |
38 236 Tempanius, decurio of cavalry, emplors cavalry to leap from their horses & rescue infantry. .9 0. |
39 237 Volscians fight on 2 fronts. Consul & legions on one side & Tempanius & his troopers on other until 2 Volscian camps taken & enemy scattered. Dictator's camp destroyed. 1.6 0. |
40 238 Romans happy to see Cavalry return alive. Interrogation of Sextus Tempanius. 1.8 0. |
41 239 Tempanius' laconic report on battle. M. Postumius fined 10,000 ases for losing camp to Voslcians. 2.1 0. |
42 240 Plebian Tribunes elected in their absense as they were off at battle acting as centurions. L. Hortensius tried to begin trial of Consul C. Sempronius but he was too popular. 1.4 0. |
43 241 Numerius Fabius Vibulanus & T. Quinctius Capitolinus, son of Capitolinus Consuls. Skirmish with Aequi. Agrarian Law set on foot. Doubles Questors to but Plebian ask for them to be Plebians but they vetoed too much including meeting of patricians so an interregnum followed. L. Papirius Mugilanus made interrex & organized patricians by allowing military tribunes to be elected instead of consuls; tribunes of plebs by not interfering with liberty of people to elect four quaestors from patricians or plebeians indiscriminately.. 2.4 0. |
44 242 L. Quinctius Cincinnatus 3rdX, , L. Furius Medullinus 2ndX, M. Manlius, A. Sempronius Atratinus consular tribunes. Vestal Postumia falsly accused of unchastity due to her sexy outfits & ordered to dress like nun. C. Sempronius fined 15,000 ases for robbing land. Cumae captured by Campanians. 2.3 0. |
45 243 Conspiracy of slaves put down, Pay from Treasury first given to soldiers 1.7 0. |
46 244 10 tribes were drawn by lot as way to raise levy. L. Sergius put in command to fight Aequi. in steep valley. Sets camp 2 miles from enemy. 2.2 0. |
47 245 Capture Aequi camp. Aequi flee to Labici. Plunder & settle Labici with 1,500 colonists with 2 jugera land. Menenius Lanatus, L. Servilius Structus, P. Lucretius Tricipitinus each 2ndX & Spurius Veturius Crassus. Then A. Sempronius Atratinus 3rdX, M. Papirius Mugilanus & Sp. Nautius Rutilus 2ndX. Peace 2 years. Disputes over Agrarian Laws. 1.3 0. |
48 246 Sp. Maecilius Tribune 4thX & M. Metilius Tribune 3rdX bring law that land taken from enemy distributed evenly. Appius Claudius brought grandfather decemvir to convince 6 Tribunes to join Patricians to veto Agrarial Reforms. 2.5 0. |
49 247 P. Cornelius Cossus, C. Valerius Potitus, Q. Quinctius Cincinnatus, & Numerius Fabius Vibulanus Consular Tribunes. Veientine avoid 2 wars due to religion. Tiber floods due to destruction of infrastucture. Bolani attack colonists but Rome afraid to help. Cnaeus Cornelius Cossus, L. Valerius Potitus, Q. Fabius Vibulanus all 2ndX & M. Postumius Regillensis Consular Tribunes. 3 0. |
50 248 Postumius leads war on Aequi. Land arguments about conquered city causes riot that kills Tribune Postumius. Interregnum. 1.4 0. |
51 249 A. Cornelius Cossus & L. Furius Medullinus Consules. Nobility rob conquered land. Furius Vs Volscians ravaging Hernicans & retook Ferentinum not before Voscians escape with booty. 1.5 0. |
52 250 Year of peace. Q. Fabius Ambustus & C. Furius Pacilus Consuls. Tribune L. Icilius reigniates agrarian debates. Pestilence brings famine next year aleviated by Sicilian Tyrant. 1.3 0. |
53 251 Manlius Aemilius & C. Valerius Potitus were Consuls. Aequi & Volscians invade Latins & Hernicans. Citadel of Carventum seized. few conciencious objectors to coming war brought to Consul which brings people in line. Recapture Citadel & found big booty sold under spear Consul enters city in ovation booed & Tribune cheered by soldiers. 2.2 0. |
54 252 Cnaeus Cornelius Cossus & L. Furius Medullinus Consuls. Plebians Questor 1st time. Icilii said highest honours must be shared by plebs. 1.8 0. |
55 253 Volscians & Aequi invasion of Latin & Hernicans strengthens power of Tribunes. Retired from Citadel of Carventum & levied army against invadors. 1.7 0. |
56 254 C. Julius Julus, P. Cornelius Cossus, & C. Servilius Ahala Tribunes all Patricians. Antiates try to instigate war, so Rome makes Dictator & camp outside Antium but plebs don't want to fight. 2 0. |
57 255 Defeat Antium. Lake Fucinus Fort stormed, 3000 prisoners, rest of Voslcians run. 4 Consular Tribunes only for Patricians, none for 1stX. L. Furius Medullinus, C. Valerius Potitus, N. Fabius Vibulanus, & C. Servilius Ahala. . 2.1 0. |
58 256 Veiians defeated by Volscians at Verrugo. P. Cornelius Cossus, Cnaeus Cornelius Cossus, Numerius Fabius Ambustus, L. Valerius Potitus Consular Tribunes. Veii eject Roman envoys so Rome declares war but soldiers wanted to fight Voslcians instead & accused Nobles of wanting to attack Veii just to get rich. 2.3 0. |
59 257 Invade Volscians & attack Anxur, bloodlessly take 2,500 & sack town. Soldiers get paid. 1.7 0. |
60 258 Tribunes of Plebs not happy about war tax on Senators. Declare war on Veii & many men volunteer. 1.7 0. |
61 259 C. Valerius Potitus 3rdX, Manius Sergius Fidenas, P. Cornelius Maluginensis, Cnaeus Cornelius Cossus, Kaeso Fabius Ambustus, & Spurius Nautius Rutilus 2ndX. Beseige Veii & Etruscans have national council. Volscian war. Take Artena & kill defenders of Citadel with help of traitor Servius Romanus who is given 2 houses. 1.8 0. |
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1 260 Rome & Veii in war for survival. Romans increase conular tribunes to 8 many rookies. Manius Aemilius Mamercus - for second time - L. Valerius Potitus - for third time - Appius Claudius Crassus, M. Quinctilius Varus, L. Julius Julus, M. Postumius, M. Furius Camillus, & M. Postumius Albinus. Veii elected rich King which offended Etruscan Cantons. He also ended their games. Etruscians abandoned Veii but Romans made 2 battle lines just in case. 1.4 0. |
2 261 Rome builds winter blockade huts. 2.1 0. |
3 262 Tribunes of Plebs claim blockade huts are unfair to Plebs. 1.9 0. |
4 263 During siege of Veii winter dwellings erected for soldiers, this being novelty affords Tribunes of People pretext for exiting discontent.
2.5 0. |
5 264 Argue winter forts will force soldiers to plunder enemy & cause war. 2.4 0. |
6 265 Argue soldiers need winter huts for training, especially for seiges. Rome realized Etruria abandoned Veii become they became Kingdom. 3.3 0. |
7 266 Cavalry for first time serve on horses of their own 2.4 0. |
8 267 C. Servilius Ahala 3rsX, Q. Servilius, Lucius Verginius, Q. Sulpicius, Aulus Manlius 2ndX, Manius Sergius 2ndX. Veientine War. Anxur lost because they didn't have enough men & accidentally let in too man Volscians. Capenates & Faliscans join Veientines & attack Manius Sergius' army but Verginius didn't want to help because he didn't like him. 2.3 0. |
9 268 Consuls veto their own trial for botching battle & say they will refuse to leave office but are talked out of it. 1.4 0. |
10 269 Furius Camelus Dictator takes Veii after Siege of Ten Years.2 0. |
11 270 In Character of Military Tribune whilst laying siege to Falecae he sends back children of enemy who were betrayed into his hands
3.2 0. |
12 271 Furius Camelus on day being appointed for his trial goes into exile 2.3 0. |
13 272 M. Veturius only Patrician Consular Tribune. Others were M. Pomponius, Cnaeus Duilius, Volero Publilius, & Cnaeus Genucius. Anxur recaptured due to laxity of guard during festival. Tiber freezes & roads blocked in winter causing pestilencial summer needing Sibylline Books to be consulted. 1st lectisternium: praying to Apollo & Latona, Diana & Hercules, Mercury & Neptune for 8 days & potlucks & moratorium on litigation & manacles removed from prisoners. Capenae & Falerii reinforce Veii who lose. Hidsmost fugitives shut out of Veii gates & slaughtered. 2.2 0. |
14 273 L. Valerius Potitus 5thX, M. Valerius Maximus, M. Furius Camillus 2ndX, L. Furius Medullinus 3rdX, Q. Servilius Fidenates 2ndX, Q. Sulpicius Camerinus 2ndX. Consular Tribunes say losing power to Plebs caused Freeze & Pestilence. Couldn't fight Veii because they raided Falerii by Potitus & Capenae by Camillus with much booty. 1.4 0. |
15 274 Many portents but no soothsayers. Alban Lake rose ot unusual height. Envoys sent to Delphi to find out why but aged Veientine prophesized Rome couldn't take Veii until they drained Alban Lake. Young Roman kidnapped Soothsayer & brought him to Rome where he it was written in their books & how to drain lake. 2.1 0. |
16 275 L. Julius Julus, L. Furius Medullinus 4thX, L. Sergius Fidenas, A. Postumius Regillensis, P. Cornelius Maluginensis, A. Manlius. Vs Volscians at Anxur, Aequi at Labici, & Veii, Falerii, & Capenae, Delphian Oracle says Romans need to control their rivers out of Alban Lake & victory is their, then give Delphi Money because they're broke. 1.9 0. |
17 276 Old Veintian Soothayer became popular because Delphians agreed with him, so Consuls hired him to prophecy destruction of Veii. Discover flaw in election of magistrates was from neglect of Festival of Latin League & sacrifice on Alban Mount with due formalities, so Consules impeached & 3 interrexes appointed, L. Valerius, Q. Servilius Fidenas, & M. Furius Camillus. Plebs block elections. Council of Etruria at Fane of Voltumna because Gauls overrun them & many reach Veii. 1.5 0. |
18 277 P. Licinius Calvus Consular Tribune, then L. Titinius, P. Maenius, Q. Manlius, Cnaeus Genucius, & L. Atilius. Titinius & Genucius marched against Faliscans & Capenates but fall into ambuscade, Genucius dies & Titinius hides on hill. Etruscan army advances on Veii & roman camp almost flees. Matrons of Rome offer to gods to protect Rome. 2.4 0. |
19 278 Games & Latin Festival reestablished. Water drawn from Alban Lake to fields. M. Furius Camillus Dictator. Everybody wanted to fight Veii. Temple of Matuta Mother. Fight Faliscans & Capenates in territory of Nepete w/ much booty. Then Army goes to Veii. Camps closer this time. Order to not fight without permission to focus on construction of seige works. Undermined Citadel with 6 divisions in 6 hour shifts. 1.9 0. |
20 279 In anticipation of more booty than all previous combined, aged P. Licinius says those who want plunder go to camp at Veii, but Appius Claudius wanted to use spoils to pay citizen soldiers. Most active in war always least active in administering plunder, so soldiers encouraged to to to camp for plunder. 2 0. |
21 280 Tenth of Dictator's spoils to Temple of Juno. When they enter city after 10 year siege everybody fights but then told those who dissarm are spared. Far more booty than expected. Veii richest in Estrucia. 2.7 0. |
22 281 Those who surrendered sold as slaves & is only money from war to enter treasury, but even that roused ire of plebs. Emptied Temples. Statue of Juno asks men dressed in white to bring her to her temple on Aventine. 1.7 0. |
23 282 Upon news of fall of Veii, all temples filled with mothers offering thanks to gods 4 days. Dicator Triumphed with white horses dressed like Jupiter & Sol. Temple to Matuta Mother. People taxed tenth of spoils to pay for Temple of Juno. Volscians & Aequi sue for peace. 1.8 0. |
24 283 Colony of 3,000 sent to Volscian frontier given 3 & 7 12ths acres per man. Veii . 2 0. |
25 284 Temple of Apollo. Golden bowl given to Delphi for Apollo. Matrons give Senators honour of riding to games in carriage, & on holy days & work days in 2 wheeled car. People aroused against Camillus. 2.2 0. |
26 285 Senonian Gauls besieged Clusium 1.9 0. |
27 286 Roman Ambassadors sent to mediate peace between Clusians & Gauls are found to take part with former, in consequence of which Gauls march towards Rome 2.9 0. |
28 287 L. Valerius, L. Sergius, & A. Manlius left to bring golden bowl to Delphi, but solitary warship captured by Liparean pirates near Straits of Sicily, & taken to Liparae islands & sold to King Timasitheus who brought it to Delphi & returned Romans home with fleet. Postumius devastates territory of Aequi & destroys army. 2.9 0. |
29 288 After 15 years Consuls elected again in L. Lucretius Flavus & Servius Sulpicius Camerinus. Aequis storm Vitellia at night but people escape to Rome who kick out Aequii. Tribunes of Plebs A. Verginius & Q. Pomponius fined of 10,000 ases for no reason. 1.9 0. |
30 289 7 Jugera of Veientine land given to each plebeian as well as Patrician, extra points given for children. 1.7 0. |
31 290 L. Valerius Potitus & M. Manlius (Capitolinus) Consuls. Great Games promised by M. Furius. Temple of Juno Dedicated. War on Aequi on Algidus. Valerius given Triumph for killing fugitives. Drought causes famine & pestilence emboldened Volsinians & Salpinates to invade. Consuls resigned from plague & replaced by Interrexes M. Furius Camillus, P. Cornelius Scipio, then L. Valerius Potitus who oppointed 6 Consular Tribunes to protect against pestilence. 1.3 0. |
32 291 8000 surrendered. Marcus Caedicius hears superhuman voice on Via Nova that Gauls are approaching. M. Furius Camillus impeached & banished by plebeian tribune L. Apuleius for stealing spoils at Veii & fined 15,000 ases but he claimed innocence. 1.7 0. |
33 292 Clusium begs help from Gauls. Etruscans used to own all of Northern Italy because Adriatic & Tyrrhenians sea named after their towns. They had 12 cities & 12 colonies. 1.7 0. |
34 293 Whilst Tarquinius Priscus was king of Rome, Bituriges had a third of Gaul & provided king for all of Gaul. King Ambigatus sent nephews Bellovesus & Segovesus & excess population of 6 Tribes of Bituriges, the Averni, the Senones, the Aedui, the Ambarri, the Carnutes, and the Aulerci. Massilians from Phocaea & these Gauls unite & found Mediolanum. 1.8 0. |
35 294 Cenomani under Elitovius cross Alps & settle where Brixia and Verona now stand. Libui & Saluvii settle near ancient Ligurian Laevi on Ticinus. Boii and Lingones cross Pennine Alps & Expell Etruscans & Umbrians. Final Tribe Senones take Utis to Aesis, then invade Clusium who plead to Rome who sends M. Fabius Ambustus to warn Gauls. 1.3 0. |
36 295 Fabii Consular Tribuenes with Q. Sulpicius Longus, Q. Servilius - for the fourth time - and P. Cornelius Maluginensis. Roman Ambassadors ask Gauls why they invaded & they say land belongs to the brace so they fight & Q. Fabius kills a Gaulish Cheif so Gauls declare war claiming violation of law of nations. 2.3 0. |
37 296 Gauls invade Rome. Battle of Alia loud with Gaulic screams. 1.5 0. |
38 297 Battle of Alia. Gauls attack flanks & scare Romans back to Rome swimming down Tiber & fleed into Cidadel without even closing gates. 2 0. |
39 298 Gauls reach Rome at Sunset, afraid to enter Rome even though Gates were open. In morning Gauls were inside Rome so women fleed with valuables & men hid in Citadel. 2.6 0. |
40 299 Rome sacked for first time in 360 years. Flamen of Quirinus and the Vestal virgins hide jewelry in earthen jars buried chapel next to Flamen's house & flee over Pons Sublicius towards Janiculum Pleb L. Albinius sees them & takes them in his wagon to Caere. 1.9 0. |
41 300 Old men dressed up & sat in front of houses. Gauls entered city & didn't find anything. Gaul stroked M. Papirius' beard so he hit him on the head with his staff & Gauls killed everybody. 1.8 0. |
42 301 Gauls set fire to Rome. 1.6 0. |
43 302 Gauls occupy ruined Rome with exception of Capital. Attack Capital & turned away. Gauls attempt blockade & go to Ardea. 1.8 0. |
44 303 Camillus pleads Ardeans to chase Gauls from Rome at dawn. 1.7 0. |
45 304 Camillus' army staughters Gauls in Rome & Etruscans at Veii. 1.6 0. |
46 305 C. Fabius Dorsuo puts on Toga & prays on Quirinal as Gauls watch stupefied. Pontius Cominius rides cork float to Rome, scaled steep unguarded part of wall & went to capital & got orders for Camillus to be Dictator. Brought Camillus from Ardea to Veii to gather army. 2.4 0. |
47 306 Gauls Scale Capital by night but are discovered by cackling of Geese are repulsed 2.3 0. |
48 307 Chiefly by exertions of Marcus Manlius, Romans compelled by famine ransom themselves 1.9 0. |
49 308 While Gold is being weighed to them Camilus who was Dictator arrives with army expels Gauls & destroys their army 1.9 0. |
50 309 He successfully apposed design of removing to Veii 1.7 0. |
51 310 Camilus' speech to army to follow divine guidance & defeat Gauls. 2.4 0. |
52 311 Speechs on necessity for religious rites to keep strength & need to reclaim Rome to protect their old buildings and religion. 3.5 0. |
53 312 Tells Romans it's better to stay and fight than run or be slaves. 2.3 0. |
54 313 Says they wouldn't abandon Veii if a natural fire broke out, so they shouldn't abandon Rome justs because of a fire from Gauls. Rome too old to be abandoned at 365 years. 1.9 0. |
55 314 People love Camillus' speech & retake Rome. Rebuild it in a year in haphazard way causing streets to be crooked as knowledge of past of past private property lost. .9 0. |
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1 315 History now clearer due to existence of history books. 15th declared Alina day no business allowed, & no religion allowed on 16th. 2.5 0. |
2 316 Successful operations against Volciani, Aquans & Praenestaens. 2.3 0. |
3 317 Sutrium looted by Etruscans who were hunted down & town restored. 2.1 0. |
4 318 Won 3 wars at once. Loyal people from enemy states admitted into state. Rome increases greatly in one year. Army on Aequans. Take…. Soldiers took spoil. Lower parts of capital made from hewn stone. 2.2 0. |
5 319 Tribes added 1.3 0. |
6 320 Camilus Dictator 4thX. Pontine territory raised again. People wanted land. Create 3 armies. 3.1 0. |
7 321 Suspension of civil business & levy held. Soldiers reluctant to fight so Dictator gives encouraging speech. 1.6 0. |
8 322 Camilus jumped from horse & led standard bearer into lines & threw standard into enemy lines for motivation. Camilus restored faulting part of line on horse with footmans shield. Rain saves fleeing Volscians as they run behind walls but he breaks through their walls. 1.8 0. |
9 323 Camilus wanted to destroy Antium but Senate sent him to save Nepete & Sutrium from Etruscan’s. Sutrium sacked & many killed in & outside of gates. 2.1 0. |
10 324 Nepete retaken. All Etrurians killed & property returned to Nepetenes. 1.6 0. |
11 325 A. Manlius, P. Cornelius, T. and L. Quinctius Capitolinus, L. Papirius Cursor 2ndX, and C. Sergius for the second time. Volscians 2.1 0. |
12 326 Volscians invade with help from some Latins, Hernici, Circeians, Velitrae. Dictator advises army to win with swords. 2.3 0. |
13 327 Enemy rushes into battle & repulsed immediately. Volscian camp plundered. Most of captives Hernici and Latin nobles. 1.5 0. |
14 328 Dictator kept Army on field. Sedition in Rome led my Manlius protecting debtors. Gave speeches in his house that Patricians robbed gold from Gauls. 2.8 0. |
15 329 Dictator returns to Rome. Mexican standoff between Dictator & Patricians Vs Manliu & Plebs. They debate. 2.8 0. |
16 330 Manlius pleads for help but is arrested so people protest by growing hair & not bathing. Unpopular Triumph from Volscians. 2,000 Colonists to Satricum with 2.5 Jugera to avoid unrest but is seen as small. 1.6 0. |
17 331 People begged for release of Manlius & his men but refused. 1.6 0. |
18 332 Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis & P. Valerius Potitu 2ndX, M. Furius Camillus 5thX, Ser. Sulpicius Rufus 2ndX, C. Papirius Crassus and T. Quinctius Cincinnatus 2ndX Consular Tribunes. Manlius holds seditious meetings in house saying to prevent any judgment for debt from being pronounced. 3.5 0. |
19 333 Senate debated this succession of commons in one house. Tribunes of commons M. Menenius and Q. Publilius blame Manlius. 1.4 0. |
20 334 Marcus Manlius who had defended capital from Gauls was condemned for aspiring to regal power is thrown from Tarpaean Rock, Senate Decrees none of Maclean family should bear cognomen of Marcus 3.5 0. |
21 335 Pestinence followed by scarcity. Revolt at Velitrae. 5 commissioners distribute the Pomptine territory and 3 to settle a colony at Nepete. Praeneste revolts & takes land from Tusculum, Gabinii, and Labici. 1.6 0. |
22 336 Sp. and L. Papirius Consular Tribunes. Successful operations against Praenestaens. M. Furius Camillus 6thX, A. and L. Postumius Regillensis, L. Furius, L. Lucretius, and M. Fabius Ambustus Consular Tribunes. M. Furius Camillus leads war with Volscians witwh 4,000 men. 2 0. |
23 337 When they arrived at battle Camillus accused of being too old and weak to be Dictator. Camillus offered to have his men defend camp as he watches from hill. 2.5 0. |
24 338 Volscians chase Romans back to camp but Camillus sends them back to battle and defeat them more prisoners than slain. 2.4 0. |
25 339 Prisoners say Tusculum state authorized war so Camillus camped outside Tusculum and entered town but didn't see evidence of rebellion. 2 0. |
26 340 Senators of Tusculum apologize & Tusculum given full citizenship. 1.7 0. |
27 341 Lucius Valerius 5thX Publius 3rdX, C. Sergius 3rdX, L. Menenius 2ndX, P. Papirius, Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis Consular Tribunes. State in debt so appointed Censors C. Sulpicius Camerinius and Sp. Postumius Regillensis. Laws against Sedition. Praeneste invades & camps in Gabii district. 2.7 0. |
28 342 Praeneste discovers Rome has no army so they ravage fields & march to Colline Gate. T. Quinctius Cincinnatus Dictator. A. Sempronius Atratinus Master of Horse & enemy flees back to Camp at Alia & overconfidently prepare for war. 1.7 0. |
29 343 Rome smashes though Praenestians & camp & takes their 8 towns & Velitraen camp, then bloodlessly takes Praeneste. Bring statue of Jupiter Imperator from Praenest to between shrines of Jupiter & Minerva. 1.7 0. |
30 344 P. & C. Manlius & L. Julius patricians, C. Sextilius, M. Albinius, and L. Anstitius plebeians, Consular Tribunes. Cohorts forage on Volscian land without reconnoitring & traitor falsly tells Rome they were killed & a rescue party gets ambushed as camp is attacked so they retreat. Praenestines stir trouble. Setia colony rienforced. 1.5 0. |
31 345 Sp. Furius, Q. Servilius 2ndX, L. Menenius 3rdX, P. Cloelius, M. Horatius, L. Geganius Consular Tribunes. Distress by debts. Volscians invade so Rome competely burns Volscia & robs all slaves & cattle.1.6 0. |
32 346 L. Aemilius, P. Valerius for the fourth time, C. Veturius, Ser. Sulpicius, L. and C. Quinctius Cincinnatus. Consular Tribunes. Build stone wall. Fight Latins & Volscians at Satricum. Most enemy killed before reaching Satricum 2 miles away. Survivors fled Satricum next night to Antium & hid behind walls. 1.9 0. |
33 347 L. Quinctius and Ser. Sulpicius Consular Tribunes. Antiates Vs Latins. Latins destroy Satricum except for temple of Mother Matuta due to a warning voice from inside. Then take Tusculum except Cidadel. Rome sends army as Latins inside fight on two sides. Army in Citadel & outside walls cheer to each other then kill every Latin. 2.2 0. |
34 348 External peace. Tax problems. Punishent substituted for payment makes Patricians more powerful. Patrician Ambustus' daughter unhappy with class of husband Lucius Sextius. 2.3 0. |
35 349 Same Tribunes of Commons 5 years only magistrates due to vetoing elections from both classes. Lucius Sextius 1st Consul elected from Commons. 2 0. |
36 350 Q. Servilius, C. Veturius, A. and M. Cornelius, Q. Quinctius, and M. Fabius Consular Tribunes. Velitrae colonists attacked Tusculum so Rome kicks them out and besieges Velitrae. Patricians asked by Sextius & Licinius if they really believe rich should get 500 jugera when Plebs get 2, & palaces becoming dungeons for debtors. 2.2 0. |
37 351 Caius Liciunius & Lucius Sextus Tribunes of People proposed law that consules may be chosen from among commons. After violent contest succeeded in passing law not withstanding opposition of Patricians 2.5 0. |
38 352 T. Quinctius, Ser. Cornelius, Ser. Sulpicius, Sp. Servilius, L. Papirius, and L. Veturius Consular Tribunes. M. Furius Camillus Dictator. Camillus fined 500,000 ases. P. Manlius Dictator. 1.2 0. |
39 353 P. Manlius Dictator, Plebian C. Licinius Master of Horse. Plebians after 9 years of battle want land redistributed. 2.3 0. |
40 354 Appius Claudius grandson of Decemvir says L. Sextius & C. Licinius Tribunes of Plebs for 9 years want to be Tribunes for life. Says 2 Patricians need to be next Consuls. 4.3 0. |
41 355 Appius Claudius continues speech. Interrex apointed. Credits Romans religious rites for their success. 2.7 0. |
42 356 A. & M. Cornelius 2ndX, M. Geganius, P. Manlius, L. Veturius, P. Valerius 6thX. Sextius & Licinius Tribunes 10thX Plebians Consuls allowed bringing peace between orders causing Great Games with 4th days. People elect 2 patrician aediles. 2.5 0. |
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1 357 Two Magistrates added: Praetorship & Curile Aedileship
2 358 2.1 Pestilence rages in city which carries off celebrated Furius Camelus, Scenic representations first introduced1.9 0. |
2 358 C. Sulpicius Peticus and C. Licinius Stolo Consuls. Pestilence. Livius adandoned loose satyrical verses & invented realistic plays when his voice gave out one night & he had to act it out. From then actors dialogued while chanters narrated. Old farce and loose jesting given up & play became art. Youth began improvising comic verses becoming Atellane Plays protecting them from lowly actor class. 2.1 0. |
3 359 C. Genucius and L. Aemilius Mamercus Consuls. Circus flooded during middle of games. Stuck nail on right side of Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus nect to chapel of Minerva on Ides of September for good luck. Dictator L. Manlius tries to levy army to fight Hernici but Plebs refuse so he resigns. 1.7 0. |
4 360 Q. Servilius Ahala & L. Genucius consuls. Dictator impeached anyways by M. Pomponius & his son confined to a workshop. Youth holds M. Pomponius up at knifepoint and makes him swear to stop prosecution. 6 Military Tribunes elected & not appointed for 1st time. One spot taken by Dictator's son. 3.2 0. |
5 361 Curtius Leaps on horseback completely armed into gulf in forum 1.1 0. |
6 362 War on Hernici. L. Genucius 1st Plebian Consul who is killed by Hernici in battle, making Patricians argue against having Pleb Consuls. Appius Claudius Dictator. 1.5 0. |
7 363 Hernici defeated by unmounted cavalry. 1.5 0. |
8 364 Nobles finish fight singlehandedly & chase Hernici back to camp. Hernici flee camp at night & romans chase. 25% roman army dies. 1.5 0. |
9 365 C. Sulpicius and C. Licinius Calvus Consuls. T. Quinctius Pennus was Dictator, Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis the Master of the Horse. Rome takes Hernici town of Ferentinum but Tiburtines closed gates to them on way home. Gauls camp by Salarian road, 3 miles from City at bridge of Anio. Rome camps on other side of Anio. Skirmishes for bridge. 1.5 0. |
10 366 T. Manlius son of dictator kills huge Gaul on bridge w/ upward thrust & takes his chain. 2.2 0. |
11 367 Due to losing in single combat Gauls flee to Tibur. Tibur & Gauls ravage Labici, Tusculum, and Alba. Next year Rome attacks Tibur. Dictator. Q. Servilius Ahala was nominated, and he selected T. Quinctius as Master of the Horse. Vowed to have Great Games if victorious. Battled Gauls & Tiburtines near Colline Gate in sight of parents, wives & children of soldiers. Straglers caught near Tibur w/ townsmen rallying to help. Hernici crushed by Consul M. Fabius Ambustus. Poetilius gets Double Triumph Gauls & Tiburtines. Fabius gets ovation. Tiburtines though Triumph was silly because battle fought outside Roman gates. 2.3 0. |
12 368 M. Popilius Laenas and Cnaeus Manlius Consuls. Plautius fights Hernici. Tiburtines do night attack. Tarquinians plunder so Rome declares war. Gauls settle Pedum. C. Sulpicius Dictator. M. Valerius Master of Horse. Soldiers frustrated commander afraid to attack. 3 0. |
13 369 Tullius 1st Centurion 7thX pleads with Dictator to fight. 2.4 0. |
14 370 As Tullius explained himself to Dictator a Gaul stole cattle outside rampart, as Romans retrieved it Gauls stoned them & Romans attacked without signal. 2.1 0. |
15 371 Dictator fights & accuses soldiers of being cowards so they slaughter gauls who run in woods. Most popular Triumph. Sacrificed 307 POWs. Privernates invade, then Veliternians. Two new tribes added called Pontine & Publican. Promised Games celebrated. Law against canvassing at markets. 2.1 0. |
16 372 Licinius Stolo condemned on law which he himself carried for possessing more than 500 acres of land 2.1 0. |
17 373 Titus Manlius having slain Gaul in single combat who challenged any of Roman soldiers takes from him golden chain & henceforth gets
Name of Torquatus2.3 0. |
18 374 400th year of city & 35th since capture by Gauls. 2nd Pleb Consul 7 years after Licinian Law . Empulum taken from Tiburtines. Tarquinians were ravaged by Sulpicius. Many failed elections in Campus Martius. M. Fabius Ambustus 3rdX & T. Quinctius. Plebians angry Consul not Pleb. 1.8 0. |
19 375 C. Sulpicius Peticus 4thX, M. Valerius Publicola 2ndX. Tiburtines submitted & Sassula taken from them. Triumph. Tarquinians defeated & 358 nobles sent to Rome scourged & beheaded & rest killed on the spot because Romans were burned before in Tarquinii. Samnites sought peace. Interest reduced to 8.33% but poor given to creditors. Caerites say Tarquinians & Etruscan invade on two fronts but salt-works robbed by Caerians so Titus, the son of Lucius Manlius Dictator, A. Cornelius Cossas Master of Horse against Caerites.. 2.1 0. |
20 376 Marcus Manlius defender of capital from Gauls condemned for aspiring to regal power thrown from Tarpaean Rock, Senate Decrees none of Manlian family bear cognomen Marcus 2.1 0. |
21 377 Publius Decius Mus saved Roman Army when Brought into very grave danger by Consul Alvus Cornelius 1.9 0. |
22 378 Marcus Valerius surnamed Corvinas with aid of crow killed gaul who challenged him is on following year elected consul only 23 years Old. 1.7 0. |
23 379 M. Popilius Laenas consul of plebs, L. Cornelius Scipio one of patricians. Popilius mustered at Capene Gate at temple of Mars with 4 legions. Praetor P. Valerius Publicola raised 2nd army to protect city. Popilius sets camp on hill in sight of Gauls so Gauls attack uphill & most crushed rolling downhill in the counter attack. 1.9 0. |
24 380 2nd wave of Gauls counter attack. Consul's shoulder almosst run through by javelin but returns to motivate army to chase Gauls towards old Alban stronghold. L. Furius Camillus Dictator P. Cornelius Scipio Master of Horse as Tribunes wounded,. Then L. Furius Camillus becomes Consul with Appius Claudius Crassus. 1.9 0. |
25 381 Popilius has Triumph over Gauls. Gauls return from Alba & plunder. Greek pirates plunder Antium and Laurentum and entered the mouth of the Tiber. Gauls & Greeks have battle. 10 Legions enrolled by city & countrymen, 4,200 foot, 300 horse. Largest ever. It would be difficult for Rome to muster that today because we love walth & luxury too much. 2 Legions for city, 4 for Camillus, 4 to Praetor L. Pinarius. Camillus camps among Gauls to check plunder. 2.6 0. |
26 382 Tribune Marcus Valerius kills huge Gaul with help from crow. Then Gauls defeated in battle and flee to Apulia & sea. Valerius given 10 oxen & gold Chaplet. T. Manlius Torquatus Dictator, A. Cornelius Cossus Master of Horse. Marcus Valerius Corvus 23 years old Consul with plebeian, M. Popilius Laenas 4thX. Rome had no navy but Greek fleet left back to Tyrant of Sicily. 2.7 0. |
27 383 T. Manlius Torquatus and C. Plautius consuls. Peace. Pestilence. Sibylline Books consulted & lectisternium held. Colonists from Antium rebuilt Satricum. Carthage sends envoy for peace treaty. Interest halfed & 4 yearly payments created allowed by suspension of war-tax. Satricum of Volscians destroyed except for temple of Matuta the Mother, 4,000 marched in front of Truimph & sold as slaves for treasury. 1.8 0. |
28 384 M. Fabius Dorsuo and Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus consuls. Auruncans raid. L. Furius Camillus Dictator; Cnaeus Manlius Capitolinus Master of Horse. 1 Battle. Vowed Temple to Moneta at site of M. Manlius Capitolinus' house. Took Sora from Volscians. C. Marcius Rutilus consul 3rdX, T. Manlius Torquatus 2ndX. Shower of stones at night. Sibylline Books say to nominate Dictator for ceremonies P. Valerius Publicola, Q. Fabius Ambustus Master of the Horse. aediles prosecute moneylenders. Interregnum. M. Valerius Corvus 3rdX, A. Cornelius Cossus Consuls. 1.9 0. |
29 385 343 B.C. SAMNITES attack Sidicines, then Campaneans, then Tifata hills, then drive people inside Capua & pleed to Rome. 1.4 0. |
30 386 Battle Samnites. Killed 20,000. Master of the Horse had Samnite weapons put in huge heap and burnt to take glory from Dictator's triumph. 4.1 0. |
31 387 Q. Fabius asks troops to defend him against Dictator. 2.4 0. |
32 388 Soldiers plead for Fabius. Successful operations against Hernicians, Gauls, Tibertioans, Primaneans, Tarquenians, Samnites & Volcians. 3.1 0. |
33 389 Fabius flees for Rome & his father pleads for him, saying in old times Generals had more portection from prosecution. 2.7 0. |
34 390 Dictator pointed out Roman tradition is for parents to kill kids to save Republic, so they should take responsibility. 2.6 0. |
35 391 Fabius pardoned. Overbearing dictator blamed for destruction of foraging party. 2.2 0. |
36 392 After placing L. Papirius Crassus in command of the City and prohibiting Q. Fabius from action as Master of the Horse, the Dictator returned to the camp. conquers Samnium. 2.4 0. |
37 393 Triumph. Caius Liciunius & Lucius Sextus Tribunes of People proposed law that consules may be chosen from among commons. After violent contest succeeded in passing law not withstanding opposition of Patricians. Samnium and Apulia were laid waste but no revenge taken. 3 0. |
38 394 Q. Fabius and L. Fulvius the consuls. Both Consuls Triumph over Samnites. Treaty of Friendship made with Carthaginians who send 25 pound golden crown. Rome occupies Campania to take Capua. 2.1 0. |
39 395 Campaneans overpowered by Samnites Surrender themselves to Roman People who declare war against Samnites. Conspiracy & Revolt of Roman Soldiers in Garrison of Cape. 2.9 0. |
40 396 They are brought to sense of duty & returned to their country by Marcus Valerius Corvus Dictator 3.6 0. |
41 397 T. Quinctius dictator. Lex Sacrata: no soldiers name struck from muster-roll without his consent & nobody who was military tribune serves after as centurion. 1.5 0. |
42 398 L. Genucius, a tribune of the plebs brought measure making userly illegal. Nobody can have same office within 10 years & both Consuls must legally be Plebs. Rebels entrench 4 miles out but soldiers refuse to fight. Samnite war begins when Privernates invade colonies of Norba and Setia. 1.3 0. |
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1 399 C. Plautius 2ndX, L. Aemilius Mamercus Consuls. Latins with Campaneans Revolt & with ambassadors having been sent to senate they proposed that if they wished for peace they should elect one of consuls From among Latins 1.7 0. |
2 400 Soldiers get years pay & 3 months rations. Sidicines attacked so they ask to be admitted into Rome. Samnites ask Rome if Latins don't recognize them why would Rome mind if Samnites conquered them. 2 0. |
3 401 341 BC. Alexander, King of Epirus, landed in Italy. Alexander the Great flourished. 10 chiefs of Latin league come to Rome. League had 2 Praetors, L. Annius of Setia and L. Numisius of colony Cerceii. 1.9 0. |
4 402 Latin envoys ask for a Consul to be elected by Latins because they provide so many soldiers. 2.5 0. |
5 403 T. Manlius Consul told Latins not to make war on Samnites. Annius yells at Jupiter for not accepting Latin consuls but slips and knocks himself out on the steps, then Sudden storm. As Torquatus leads envoys away he sees Annius lying on groud and decides it's an omen to war on Latins & people jeer at exiting envoys. 3.1 0. |
6 404 2 Armies raised, marched through Marsi and Paeligni, join Samnites & camp at Capua where Latins & allies were. Both Consuls have same dream: As sacrifice to Dii Manes and to Mother Earth, a general of 1 army dies but his army is victorious. Most pious is victor. They sacrifice & expect 1 will die. 1.6 0. |
7 405 Son of Consul T. Manlius kills Tuscan cavalry commander Geminus Maecius jousting but father beheads hi for disobeying orders. 3.4 0. |
8 406 Killing of youth made men bloodthirsty for civil war battle. 1st line called hastati in 15 light-armed companies youth 3rd spear & javelin, rest just sheilds. 2nd line 15 companies called principes best weapons. Together called antepilani. 3rd line 5 companies of 180 called pilus, 4th line called triarii veterans 5th line called rorarii young skirmishers, 6th line called accensi. Final 15 companies called vexillum. hastati fight 1st then go to rear. If battle is hard then "matters have come down to the triarii." Army had 4 legions of 5000 men, and 300 cavalry. Both armies have same design it was order vs order, so a weak centurion brought a bodyguard with him to kill his familiar Latin counterpart for him. 2.8 0. |
9 407 Romans being hard pressed in battle Publius Decius then consul with Manilas devoted himself for army. 2.2 0. |
10 408 Battle at base of Mount Vesuvius, where the road led to Veseris. haruspex predicts Decius' death so he puts on Toga Praetexta put hand on chin, says prayer & runs on horse into enemy, scattering them before battle & stirring Romans to attack. 2.2 0. |
11 409 Samnites join Rome after battle. Lanuvium marching to help Latins but after battle went home. Latins regroup at Vescia & Numisius leads them to 2nd battle at Trufanum & lose. Latium and Capua lose territory. Laurentes not penalized. Brazen tablet in Temple of Castor claiming new land. 1600 Campanians penalized 450 denarii annually. 2.5 0. |
12 410 Antiates made incursions into the territories of Ostia, Ardea, and Solonia.2.6 0. |
13 411 L. Furius Camillus and C. Maenius consuls. 2.9 0. |
14 412 Veliternians revolt many times. fined 1000 ases. Tibur and Praeneste domains confiscated. Cumae and Suessula should enjoy the same rights as Capua. Antium ships rostra put in forum. 1.8 0. |
15 413 C. Sulpicius Longus, P. Aelius Paetus consuls. C. Claudius Regillensis Dictator Master of Horse C. Claudius Hortator. Minucia Vestal Virgin buried alive near the Colline Gate in the Campus Sceleratus the "accursed field" for incest. Q. Publilius Philo 1st plebeian praetor. 1.4 0. |
16 414 L. Papirius Crassus and Caeso Duillius Conuls. war with the Ausonians. Caeso Duillius, T. Quinctius, and M. Fabius settle 2500 colonists. 2.2 0. |
17 415 C. Cornelius 2ndX, Cn. Domitius Consuls. P. Cornelius Rufinus Dictator, Master of the Horse M. Antonius. landing of Alexander of Epirus near Paestum led the Samnites to make common cause with the Lucanians. Citizenship to Acerrae. 1.5 0. |
18 416 M. Claudius Marcellus, T. Valerius consuls. Several Matrons convicted of poisoning. Laws made first against that crime. 2.1 0. |
19 417 L. Papirius Crassus, L. Plautius Venox 2ndX consuls Volscian towns Fabrateria and Luca asked to be Romans. 350 sent to Rome in chains. 2.4 0. |
20 418 Latins surrender. None of young men came out to meet Manlius on his return to city. 2.1 0. |
21 418.5 Citizenship for Privernates. 1.5 0. |
22 419 P. Plautius Proculus, P Cornelius Scapula Consuls. Cumae traced its origin to Chalcis in Euboea. fetials to Palaeopolis to demand redress. Camps in Campania. 1.6 0. |
23 420 2000 troops from Nola and 4000 Samnites had been admitted into Palaeopolis. Publilius camps between Palaeopolis and Neapolis. defeats upon the legions of Bruttium and Lucania, capturing the city of Heraclea, a colony of settlers from Tarentum, taking Potentia from the Lucanians, Sipontum from the Apulians, Consentia and Terina from the Bruttii and other cities belonging to the Messapians and Lucanians. He sent three hundred noble families to Epirus to be detained there as hostages. . 2.7 0. |
24 421 327 foundation of Alexandria in Egypt... fulfilled the oracular prediction of the Dodonean Jupiter.. 3.3 0. |
25 422 326 laetisternium, 5th since the foundation of the City. War with Samnites. 3000 liberate... 2.1 0. |
26 423 Nymphius sets off to plunder in ships as... 1.6 0. |
27 424 war with the Greeks on the eastern coast.1.9 0. |
28 425 326. creditors were no longer allowed to attach the persons of their debtors. nexi released. 1.5 0. |
29 426 Samnite war. L. Papirius Cursor Dictator, Q. Fabius Maximus Rullianus Master of the Horse. Defeat Vestinians. 2.2 0. |
30 427 lost 20,000. Much booty. 2.4 0. |
31 428 O 1.9 0. |
32 429 Quintus Publius first instance of person continuing in command after expiration of his office & of Triumph decreed to anyone not consul. Law against confinement for debt. Quintus Fabius Master of Horse fights Samnites with success contrary to orders of Lucius Papirius Dictator & with difficulty obtains pardon through intercession of people. 2.9 0. |
33 430 Dictator, Quinctius Cincinnatus, rescued the consul, L. Minucius, from a blockade3.8 0. |
34 431 Titus Manlius Consul put his son to death because he fought though successfully against Latins contrary to orders. 1.8 0. |
35 432 O 2.1 0. |
36 433 O 2.1 0. |
37 434 C. Sulpicius Longus for the second time and Q. Aemilius Cerretanus. Triumph. districts of Samnium and Apulia wasted. 1.8 0. |
38 435 Q. Fabius and L. Fulvius the consuls. A. Cornelius Arvina as Dictator, M. Fabius Ambustus Master of the Horse. . 3 0. |
39 436 Successful expedition against Samnites. Triumph. 2.4 0. |
40 437 Fabius invaded Apulia and brought away great quantities of spoil. A. Cornelius having been Dictator. .8 0. |
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1 438 321. T. Veturius Calvinus and Spurius Postumius were the consuls. Romans lose at Caudium. Samnite C. Pontius, the son of Herennius. 2 0. |
2 439 Camped near camp in the neighbourhood of Caudium. ten soldiers disguised as shepherds to Calatia. Apulia captures Luceria. 2.5 0. |
3 440 Titus Futurius & Furius Postumius with their army surrounded by Samnites at Caudine Forks enter into treaty. Give 600 hostages & are sent under yoke 2.4 0. |
4 441 Romans sue for peace. . 2.8 0. |
5 442 Treaty declared invalid. 600 equites were demanded as hostages. 2.5 0. |
6 443 consuls were the first to be sent, little more than half-clothed, under the yoke, then each in the order of his rank was exposed to the same disgrace, and finally, the legionaries one after another. Around them stood the enemy fully armed, reviling and jeering at them; swords were pointed at most of them, and when they offended their victors by showing their indignation and resentment too plainly some were wounded and even killed. Back to Capua. 2 0. |
7 444 The 2 Generals & other assurities sent back to Samnites but not accepted. Q. Fabius Ambustus Dictator, P. Aelius Paetus Master of the Horse. Q. Fabius Maximus and M. Valerius Corvus were successively interreges. Q. Publilius Philo, L. Papirius Cursor 2ndX Consuls. 2.3 0. |
8 445 Sp. Postumius, T. Veturius Consuls. 2.7 0. |
9 446 O 3.7 0. |
10 447 People beg to fight samnites. 1.7 0. |
11 448 Return to camp. 2.6 0. |
12 449 War with Samnium. 2 0. |
13 450 Defeat Publilius & they flee to Arpi. . 2.3 0. |
14 451 600 equite hostages at Luceria. 2.8 0. |
15 452 Lucius Cornelius Dictator, L. Papirius Cursor Master of the Horse, 7000 men sent under yoke. Papirius Cursor 3rdX, Q. Aulius Corretanus2ndX Consuls. 2.2 0. |
16 453 Aulius finished the campaign against the Frentanians in one battle. capture of Satricum, Triumph. .3.2 0. |
17 454 Not long after Papirius Cursor obliterates this disgrace by vanquishing Samnites. Sending them under yoke & recovering hostages. consuls and Dictators Alexander would have had to fight - M. Valerius Corvus, C. Marcius Rutilus, C. Sulpicius, T. Manlius Torquatus, Q. Publilius Philo, L. Papirius Cursor, Q. Fabius Maximus, the two Decii, L. Volumnius, and Manlius Curius, all Alexander's equal in war. 3.1 0. |
18 455 Alexander of Epirus. 3.1 0. |
19 456 250,000 citizens. Mention of Alexander Great who flourished at this time. Comparative estimate of his strength & that of Roman People, tending to show that if he had carried his arms into Italy he would not have been as successful there as in East. 2.9 0. |
20 457 M. Foslius Flaccina, L. Plautius Venox consuls. Two tribes added. Arms of Rome spreading far & wide. 1.5 0. |
21 458 Sp. Nautius. and M. Popilius Consuls. Dictator, L. Aemilius, M. Fulvius, the Master of the Horse. Rome takes Saticula. Samnites invest Plistica. . 1.1 0. |
22 459 Saticula surrendered to the Romans and Plistica was carried by assault by the Samnites. 2 0. |
23 In 459 Legions marched from Samnium and Apulia to Sora. Battle of Lautulae. 2.7 0. |
24 460 M. Poetilius and C. Sulpicius Consuls. Camped moved from walls to 6 miles out. 2.7 0. |
25 461 Rome takes Ausoni,. 1.5 0. |
26 462 Garrison at Luceria betrayed & taken by Samnites. 2500 colonists sent. 3.4 0. |
27 463 Samnites march Caudium. Back to post with 1200 cavalry. 30,000 who couldn't flee to Maleventum, (Beneventum) enslaved and slain. 2.4 0. |
28 464 L. Papirius Cursor5thX, C. Junius Bubulcus 2ndX consuls. Nola taken. M. Valerius and P. Decius consuls. 4000 colonists. 1.2 0. |
29 465 304. Samnite war closes. Apius Claudius, censor constructs Claudian Aqueduct & Appian Road 1.6 0. |
30 466 C. Junius Bubulcus 3rdX, Q. Aemilius Barbula 2ndX. L. Atilius and C. Marcius, tribunes of the plebs. 2.4 0. |
31 467 Junius fights Samnites. Aemilius fights Etrurians. Garrison of Cluvia in Sanium starved into surrender. Take Bovianum capital of Pentrian Samnites. 20,000 killed. 3 0. |
32 468 All cities in Etruria but Arretium wage war with Rome & attack Sutrium. 1.9 0. |
33 469 Q. Fabius and C. Marcius Rutilus consuls. Appius Claudius censor 1.5 years. 1.5 0. |
34 470 Appius doesn't want to be bould by Aemilian Law. 4.8 0. |
35 471 Fabius attacks Etruscans besieging Sutrium. Fled to Ciminian forest. thousands killed, 38 standards taken, much booty. 1.5 0. |
36 472 Ciminian forest more frightful and impassable German ones. Not a single trader had crossed it. Arm afraid to enter...penetrated as far as Camerinum in Umbria. 2.4 0. |
37 473 60,000 killed & taken. 30 years truce. 2.7 0. |
38 474 consul, C. Marcius Rutilus, took Allifae from the Samnites. L. Papirius Dictator, C. Junius Bubulcus Master of Horse. capitulation of Caudium. Massacre at Cremera. . 2.8 0. |
39 475 L. Papirius took legions to Longula & camped near enemy camp for several days. Battle of Lake Vadimonis. Etruscan army under Lex Sacrata where each man has a comrade. Camp taken & plundered. 1.8 0. |
40 476 Final battle with Etruscans at Perusia. Capitoline deities parade during Great Games. Truimph. 3.4 0. |
41 477 Successes against Apulians, Estruscans, Umbrians, Marcians, Peligians, Equans & Samnites 3.3 0. |
42 478 Claudius, L. Volumnius Consules. 7000 enslaved. P. Cornelius Arvina and Q. Marcius Tremulus Consules. Hernicans hold national council at Anagnia in Maritime Circus & whole nation except Aletrium, Ferentinae, and Verulae, declared war on Rome.. 1.7 0. |
43 479 Fabius left & Calatia, Sora garrisons taken. 30,000 killed. An equestrian statue erected in front of Temple of Castor. Minicipal independence restored to Hernican cities Aletrium, Verulae, and Ferentinum. Censor C. Junius Bubulcus builds temple to Salus & roads through the country with M. Valerius Maximus. Carthage treaty renewed 3rdX & many presents given to plenipotentiaries. 3.9 0. |
44 480 P. Cornelius Scipio Dictator, P. Decius Mus Master of the Horse to hold elections. 24,000 taken, Minucius' captures Bovianum. Sora, Arpinum, and Cesennia were recovered from the Samnites. Hercules statue put on Capital. 2 0. |
45 481 P. Sulpicius Saverrio, P. Sempronius Sophus consuls. Samnites due for peace. Aequi almost exterminated. Triumph. Marrucini, the Marsi, the Paeligni, and the Feretrani make peace treaty with Rome. 3 0. |
46 482 Admits sons of freed men into senate. temple of Concord on the Vulcanal. Appius Claudius corrupted Assembly of Tribes & Assembly of Centuries by distributing the dregs amongst tribes. Annual cavalry parade. 2.8 0. |
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1 602 Hannibal after uninterrupted march of four days & three nights arrives at
Etruria through marshes, in which he lost an eye. 3.5 0. |
2 603 C 1.8 0. |
3 604 C 2.9 0. |
4 605 O 1.5 0. |
5 606 Caius Flaminius Consul an inconsiderate man, having gone fourth
In opposition to omens, dug up standard which could not otherwise be
Raised & being thrown from his horse immediately after he had mounted 1.8 0. |
6 607 C 1.9 0. |
7 608 Is insnared by Hannibal & cut off by his army near Trasumennus Lake
3,000 who had escaped are placed in Chains by Hannibal, in violation of pledges given. Distress occasioned in Rome by intelligence 2.3 0. |
8 609 O 1.3 0. |
9 610 Sibylline Books consulted & sacred spring decreed. 2.1 0. |
10 611 C 2.2 0. |
11 612 O 1.6 0. |
12 613 O 2.2 0. |
13 614 O 1.8 0. |
14 615 Marcus Minucius Master of Horse rash in impetuous man inlays against caution of Fabius & maintains equality of command with him. Hannibal attempts to excite suspicion of fidelity of Fabius by sparing his farm by ravaging with fire whole country around it. 2.9 0. |
15 616 O 2.1 0. |
16 617 O 1.3 0. |
17 618 O 1.2 0. |
18 619 O 1.2 0. |
19 620 O 2.5 0. |
20 621 O 1.5 0. |
21 622 O .9 0. |
22 623 Succeses in Spain. 3.8 0. |
23 624 O 1.8 0. |
24 625 O 2.4 0. |
25 626 Hannibal, after ravaging Campania, is shut up by Fabius in valley near town of Casilinum, but escapes by night, putting to flight Romans on
Guard by oxen with lighted faggots attached to their horns. 3 0. |
26 627 O 1 0. |
27 628 Army is divided between them & Minucius engages Hannibal in unfavorable position is reduced to extremity of danger & is rescued by dictator &
Places himself under his authority.1.6 0. |
28 629 O 2.1 0. |
29 630 O 1.9 0. |
30 631 O 2.1 0. |
31 632 O 2.1 0. |
32 633 O 1.8 0. |
33 634 O 1.7 0. |
34 635O 2.6 0. |
35 636 O 1.5 0. |
36 637 O 1.7 0. |
37 638 Fabius Maximus sent as Dictator against Hannibal whom he frustrates by caution & delay 1.9 0. |
38 639 O 1.8 0. |
39 640 O 2.3 0. |
40 641 O 2.8 0. |
41 642 O 1.6 0. |
42 643 O 1.7 0. |
43 644 O 1.3 0. |
44 645 O 2 0. |
45 646 O 2.5 0. |
46 647O 1.6 0. |
47 648 O 2.4 0. |
48 649 O 2.3 0. |
49 650 Aemelius Paulus & Terrentius Varro are routed at Cannae & 40,000 men slain, among them Paulus Consul, 80 senator & 30 who had served office of
Consul, Praetor, or Edile, 1.4 0. |
50 651 O 2 0. |
51 652 O 1.5 0. |
52 653 O 1.5 0. |
53 654 O 1.6 0. |
54 655 O 1.8 0. |
55 656 O 1.5 0. |
56 657 They go out in body to meet Varro & thank him for not having despaired Commonwealth. 1.2 0. |
57 658 8,000 slaves enlisted by Romans. 2 0. |
58 659 Design projected by some noble youths of quitting Italy in despair after this calamity is intrepidly quashed by Publius Cornelius Scipio, Military Tribune
Afterwards surnamed Africanus. 1.3 0. |
59 660 They refuse to ransom captives 3.5 0. |
60 661 O 5.5 0. |
61 662 O 2.6 0. |
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